The Physical and Chemical Components of Nigerian Crude Oil

Shotonwa, Ibukun O.; Giwa-Ajeniya, Abdullatif O.; Mekuleyi, Gabriel Olarinde

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-809399-3.00003-3

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…The environmental impact of an oil spill is influenced by the properties of the crude oil involved (Michel & Rutherford, 2013) the crude oil types due to its highly desired properties, such as its low sulfur content, low corrosive impact on refinery infrastructures, and the low impact of its by-products on the environment (Shotonwa et al, 2018).…”

Section: Classification Of Nigerian Crude Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sweet crude oil has a sulfur content of less than 0.5% while those with more than 0.5% are classified as sour. With a sulfur content of 0.1–0.2%, Nigeria's crude oil is considered as sweet, and a major advantage this offers is its low corrosion and pollution potentials, which leads to a reasonable cost of production of most valuable refined products (Michel & Rutherford, 2013; Shotonwa et al., 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are Bonny light (whose terminal is situated in the city of Bonny in Rivers State, Nigeria), Forcados (whose terminal is located in a small town in the Burutu Local Government Area of Delta State), Qua Iboe (this terminal is located on the Qua Iboe River Estuary), Brass Blend (is exported from a refinery located on the Brass River, which is in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria), and Escravos (its terminal is located close to the Escravos site in the Warri South Local Government Area of Delta State). Bonny light has the highest demand of all the crude oil types due to its highly desired properties, such as its low sulfur content, low corrosive impact on refinery infrastructures, and the low impact of its by‐products on the environment (Shotonwa et al., 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Properties of the major crude oil grades in Nigeria (adopted and modified from(McKinsey, 2020;Shotonwa et al, 2018)) …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Remediation of crude oil spill sites in Nigeria: Problems, technologies, and future prospects

Nuhu

Rene

Ishaq

2021

Environmental Quality Management

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Crude oil is the major source of income to the Nigerian economy, which accounts for about 70% of government revenue and more than 83% of the country's total export earnings. Crude oil spills are frequent events in Nigeria and in the past 50 years, it is estimated that 10-13 million tons of oil have been spilled into the environment and more than 77% of it have not been recovered. The spills are caused by sabotage, oil exploration activities, equipment failure, pipeline corrosion, and tanker accidents. In most cases, simple and cheap remediation methods are employed which do not adequately consider the complexity of the different polluted media. This study reviewed the different remediation technologies for polluted water, soil, and sediment media that are appropriate for the local Nigerian environmental conditions. The characteristics of the Nigerian crude oil have been discussed, and the basic factors to be considered in cleaning crude oil contamination were explored. Both full-scale and pilot-scale case studies were reviewed. Biostimulation was identified to have a high potential for cleaning polluted sediments in the Niger Delta, while ex-situ trenching and treatment are recommended for groundwater treatment and bioremediation is recommended for contaminated soils. The limitations of the methods/techniques are discussed, and the future technological prospects are highlighted in this review.

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Section: Classification Of Nigerian Crude Oilmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Properties of the major crude oil grades in Nigeria (adopted and modified from(McKinsey, 2020;Shotonwa et al, 2018)) …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations