The Physicochemical Characterization of a Newly Explored Thar Coal Resource

Abstract

The samples of Thar coalfield were characterized using a thermogravimetric analyzer, atomic absorption spectrophotometer, X-ray diffractometer, Fourier transform infrared spectra, and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy analysis. The samples were ranked as lignite and subbituminous according to American Society for Testing and Materials standard classification. Differential thermogravimetric analysis results specified chemical reactivity of coal at the primary devolatilization region (257-412 ı C) and secondary devolatilization region (741-900 ı C). The minerals identified were quartz, kaolinite, dikite, halloysite, gold copper indium, graphite hydrogen nitrate, and magnesium vanadium molybdenum oxide. X-ray diffraction study confirmed the presence of mineral constituents as indicated by microscopic investigation. Fourier transform infrared spectra identified CDC aromatic groups at 1,500-1,700 cm 1 as maturity indicator and 2,800-3,000 cm 1 and 2,300 cm 1 as aliphatic stretching regions. The peaks of quartz and kaolinite were observed at 900-1,100 cm 1 . Strong correlations between mineral matter-SiO 2 .r 2 D 0:808/ and Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 .r 2 D 0:957/ indicates Al and Si as the dominant inorganic components. Cluster analysis appeared as an additional tool for coal ranking based on their physicochemical properties.

Combustion Kinetics of Shankodi-Jangwa Coal

“…The weight loss peaks for SKJ coal from 30°C-200°C can be ascribed to drying (loss of moisture and mineral hydrates) during thermal degradation. 29 The weight loss observed during the drying of SKJ coal ranged from 5.95%-6.65%, which is in good agreement with the determined moisture content (5.05%) for SKJ coal presented in Table 1. Moisture can significantly influence coal classification, processing and thermal efficiency during conversion.…”

“…The T max is the temperature at which maximum weight loss occurs and denotes the ease of ignition, reactivity and coal rank; a lower T max indicates a higher rank and thus greater ease of burning or coal degradation. 25,29,30 The T max for SKJ ranged from 387°C-400°C from 10°C-30°C min -1 , which is similar to values of 384-451°C reported for Indonesian coals. 31 However, Sonibare and co-workers reported T max values of 445°C-500°C for lignite and sub-bituminous Nigerian coals, 25 which confirms the higher bituminous rank of SKJ.…”

Activation energy distribution in pyrolysis of Thar coal, Pakistan

“…Figure (a) shows the representative curves of mass loss (TG) and derivative mass loss (DTG) profiles as a function of temperature. Three distinct weight loss stages were identified in the temperature regions of 40–285, 286–612 and 613–950 °C, in agreement with the previous findings . During the entire conversion process, two maxima in the temperature ranges of 164–233 and 473–503 °C have been observed at the derivative plots.…”

“…Three distinct weight loss stages were identified in the temperature regions of 40-285, 286-612 and 613-950°C, in agreement with the previous findings. [13,14] During the entire conversion process, two maxima in the temperature ranges of 164-233 and 473-503°C have been Asia-Pacific Journal of Chemical Engineering PYROLYSIS OF THAR COAL 299 observed at the derivative plots. Temperatures of the peaks were named as T p1 and T p2 , respectively, which indicate a rapid release of primary and secondary volatile compounds.…”

Study on Physicochemical Characterization of Coal and Its Alternative use as Source of Energy in Jelo Leka and Michoka in Kemashi Zone, Benishangul Gumuz Region, Western Ethiopia

“…The signi cance of coal as a source of fuel for electric power generation and furnace heating in various manufacturing processes, such as steel and glass, has been well established, as emphasized by Hazra et al (2022). According to Sarwar et al (2014), coal has become the primary source of primary fossil fuel energy usage for electric power generation, as well as the feedstock for the production of chemicals, fuels, steel, and cement. The primary use of coal in thermal power plants is for generating electricity through direct combustion, as highlighted by Raghuvanshi et al (2020).…”