The Physiologic Importance of Pulsatile Blood Flow

Wilkens, Hans J.; Regelson, William; Hoffmeister, F. S.

doi:10.1056/nejm196208302670907

Cited by 112 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Also, controversy has continued as to whether pulsatile perfusion is at all necessary for organ preservation (Agishi et al, 1969;Turner and Alican, 1970;Romolo et a!., 1971). While the value of pulsatile flow under normothermic conditions has been stressed by several investigators (Wilkens et al, 1962;Many et a!., 1967;Soroff et al, 1969) there are only scattered reports in which the effects of pulsatile flow have been compared with those of non-pulsatile flow under conditions of low temperature and reduced flow. We believe the results of the present investigation have provided some answers to two of the most important questions in organ preservation.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kidney preservation by hypothermic perfusion with albumin versus plasma and with pulsatile versus non-pulsatile flow

Abouna

Pashley

Ginsbury

et al. 1974

Journal of British Surgery

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kidney preservation by hypothermic perfusion with albumin versus plasma and with pulsatile versus non-pulsatile flow

Abouna

Pashley

Ginsbury

et al. 1974

Journal of British Surgery

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“…In this regard, the responses to the hyperthermia of prolonged exercise might be of considerable importance. The possibility of pulsatile blood flow facilitating cellular metabolism is also an interesting one that would seem to merit further study (30). Also, adaptive metabolic mechanisms might be implicated in facilitating the utilization of more efficient aerobic pathways by athletes and "physically conditioned" persons.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemodynamic Relationships of Anaerobic Metabolism and Plasma Free Fatty Acids During Prolonged, Strenuous Exercise in Trained and Untrained Subjects*

Cobb¹,

Johnson²

1963

J. Clin. Invest.

141

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“…In addition, occlusion of cerebral microvessels may cause the small, clinically silent, strokes that have been associated with cognitive impairment and are a risk factor for dementia (34). Furthermore, decreases in the pulsatility of blood flow result in higher systemic vascular resistance, decreased O 2 metabolism, and reduced efficiency of the microcirculation (51). Novel methods that enable the quantification of blood flow and vascular changes at the level of individual microvessels in the complex cortical vasculature would greatly improve our understanding of the causes and consequences of such microvascular pathologies as well as provide insights into normal-state hemodynamic regulation.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo two-photon excited fluorescence microscopy reveals cardiac- and respiration-dependent pulsatile blood flow in cortical blood vessels in mice

Santisakultarm

Cornelius

Nishimura

et al. 2012

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

136

144

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Santisakultarm TP, Cornelius NR, Nishimura N, Schafer AI, Silver RT, Doerschuk PC, Olbricht WL, Schaffer CB. In vivo two-photon excited fluorescence microscopy reveals cardiac-and respiration-dependent pulsatile blood flow in cortical blood vessels in mice. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 302: H1367-H1377, 2012. First published January 20, 2012; doi:10.1152/ajpheart.00417.2011.-Subtle alterations in cerebral blood flow can impact the health and function of brain cells and are linked to cognitive decline and dementia. To understand hemodynamics in the three-dimensional vascular network of the cerebral cortex, we applied two-photon excited fluorescence microscopy to measure the motion of red blood cells (RBCs) in individual microvessels throughout the vascular hierarchy in anesthetized mice. To resolve heartbeat-and respirationdependent flow dynamics, we simultaneously recorded the electrocardiogram and respiratory waveform. We found that centerline RBC speed decreased with decreasing vessel diameter in arterioles, slowed further through the capillary bed, and then increased with increasing vessel diameter in venules. RBC flow was pulsatile in nearly all cortical vessels, including capillaries and venules. Heartbeat-induced speed modulation decreased through the vascular network, while the delay between heartbeat and the time of maximum speed increased. Capillary tube hematocrit was 0.21 and did not vary with centerline RBC speed or topological position. Spatial RBC flow profiles in surface vessels were blunted compared with a parabola and could be measured at vascular junctions. Finally, we observed a transient decrease in RBC speed in surface vessels before inspiration. In conclusion, we developed an approach to study detailed characteristics of RBC flow in the three-dimensional cortical vasculature, including quantification of fluctuations in centerline RBC speed due to cardiac and respiratory rhythms and flow profile measurements. These methods and the quantitative data on basal cerebral hemodynamics open the door to studies of the normal and diseased-state cerebral microcirculation. microcirculation; hemodynamics; intravital imaging; vessel bifurcation; brain THE COMPLEX, THREE-DIMENSIONAL (3-D) vascular architecture of the brain presents a challenge to studies of microvascular hemodynamics. Larger arterioles form a net at the cortical surface and give rise to penetrating arterioles that plunge into the brain and feed capillary networks, where most nutrient and metabolite exchange occurs (2). These capillaries coalesce into ascending venules, which return to the cortical surface and drain into larger surface venules (22). Several lines of evidence have suggested that even small changes in hemodynamics in the brain can have detrimental impacts on the health and function of neurons. Chronic diseases that alter the microcirculation, such as hypertension (24) and diabetes (7), are risk factors for dementia and have been linked to cognitive decline (33). Flow disruptions from hyperviscous blood in diseases such as...

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The Physiologic Importance of Pulsatile Blood Flow

Cited by 112 publications

References 25 publications

Kidney preservation by hypothermic perfusion with albumin versus plasma and with pulsatile versus non-pulsatile flow

Kidney preservation by hypothermic perfusion with albumin versus plasma and with pulsatile versus non-pulsatile flow

Hemodynamic Relationships of Anaerobic Metabolism and Plasma Free Fatty Acids During Prolonged, Strenuous Exercise in Trained and Untrained Subjects*

In vivo two-photon excited fluorescence microscopy reveals cardiac- and respiration-dependent pulsatile blood flow in cortical blood vessels in mice

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