The physiological characteristics of the basal microvilli microvessels in pancreatic cancers

Ma, Lixiang; Gu, Jichun; Li, Ji; Lou, Wenhui; Jin, Chen; Saiyin, Hexige

doi:10.1002/cam4.3177

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…However, a suitable model of basal microvilli in vitro and in vivo is necessary to decode the mechanisms behind the formation of these basal microvilli. Troubling us is the fact that the basal microvilli of human pancreatic cancers decline significantly and diminish quickly when cultured in vitro [12]. This finding suggests that the growth and maintenance of basal microvilli might rely on blood flow.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This finding suggests that the growth and maintenance of basal microvilli might rely on blood flow. We also discovered basal microvilli in KRAS ‐mutated autochthonous pancreatic cancers of mice but not in orthotopic pancreatic cancers of mice [11,12,29]. However, the sizes of these tumors in mice are far smaller than those in human cancers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previously, we described a recently recognized anatomical structure, basal microvilli, which are preferentially present on the basal surface of polarized endothelial cells in pancreatic cancer tissues; they traverse dense stroma and are close to neoplastic cells [11]. Basal microvilli contain pinocytic and macropinocytic vesicles and glucose and do not depend on angiogenesis [11,12]. Principally, densely packed and long microvilli infer the high exchanging capacity of epithelial tissue [1,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microvilli of syncytiotrophoblast cells in the placenta also facilitate bidirectional feto‐maternal exchanges [13]. We found that macropinocytic, pinocytic, Glut1‐positive vesicles, and glucose appear in the lumen of basal microvilli [11,12]. Therefore, basal microvilli might compensate for the hypomicrovascularity in pancreatic cancer tissues and selectively deliver nutrients such as glucose to the tumor milieu rather than drugs such as nucleoside analogs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Basal microvilli define the metabolic capacity and lethal phenotype of pancreatic cancer

Wang

et al. 2021

The Journal of Pathology

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Apical microvilli of polarized epithelial cells govern the absorption of metabolites and the transport of fluid in tissues. Previously, we reported that tall and dense basal microvilli present on the endothelial cells of pancreatic cancers, a lethal malignancy with a high metabolism and unusual hypomicrovascularity, contain nutrient trafficking vesicles and glucose; their length and density were related to the glucose uptake of pancreatic cancers in a small‐scale analysis. However, the implications of basal microvilli on pancreatic cancers are unknown. Here, we evaluated the clinical implications of basal microvilli in 106 pancreatic cancers. We found that basal microvilli are a dominant change in pancreatic cancers. The presence of longer and denser basal microvilli on the microvessels in pancreatic cancer tissues positively correlated with increased glucose uptake and higher metastatic (or invasive) and proliferative potentials of neoplastic cells and vice versa. Clinically, postoperative patients with longer and denser basal microvilli were more prone to unfavorable pathological characteristics and dismal prognoses. They were even more refractory to adjuvant therapy than those with shorter and thinner basal microvilli were. Our findings show that basal microvilli define the metabolic capacity and lethal phenotype of pancreatic cancers. © 2020 The Authors. The Journal of Pathology published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. on behalf of The Pathological Society of Great Britain and Ireland.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Basal microvilli define the metabolic capacity and lethal phenotype of pancreatic cancer

Wang

et al. 2021

The Journal of Pathology

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“…Ma et al analyzed transmission electron micrographs of endothelial cells in pancreatic cancer (PC) and found several extended projections on the luminal surface that resembled macropinocytic filopodia, suggesting the presence of characteristics conducive to macropinocytosis. PC endothelial cells may be the primary location in the microvasculature net where nutritional exchange occurs, and macropinocytosis may facilitate the exchange of nutrients or waste that promotes cancer growth ( Ma et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Macropinocytosis and The Tumor Microenvironmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role and Therapeutic Potential of Macropinocytosis in Cancer

et al. 2022

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Macropinocytosis, a unique endocytosis pathway characterized by nonspecific internalization, has a vital role in the uptake of extracellular substances and antigen presentation. It is known to have dual effects on cancer cells, depending on cancer type and certain microenvironmental conditions. It helps cancer cells survive in nutrient-deficient environments, enhances resistance to anticancer drugs, and promotes invasion and metastasis. Conversely, overexpression of the RAS gene alongside drug treatment can lead to methuosis, a novel mode of cell death. The survival and proliferation of cancer cells is closely related to macropinocytosis in the tumor microenvironment (TME), but identifying how these cells interface with the TME is crucial for creating drugs that can limit cancer progression and metastasis. Substantial progress has been made in recent years on designing anticancer therapies that utilize the effects of macropinocytosis. Both the induction and inhibition of macropinocytosis are useful strategies for combating cancer cells. This article systematically reviews the general mechanisms of macropinocytosis, its specific functions in tumor cells, its occurrence in nontumor cells in the TME, and its application in tumor therapies. The aim is to elucidate the role and therapeutic potential of macropinocytosis in cancer treatment.

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Role of Anti-Cancer Peptides as Immunomodulatory Agents: Potential and Design Strategy

Tripathi

Vishwanatha

2022

Pharmaceutics

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The usage of peptide-based drugs to combat cancer is gaining significance in the pharmaceutical industry. The collateral damage caused to normal cells due to the use of chemotherapy, radiotherapy, etc. has given an impetus to the search for alternative methods of cancer treatment. For a long time, antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) have been shown to display anticancer activity. However, the immunomodulatory activity of anti-cancer peptides has not been researched very extensively. The interconnection of cancer and immune responses is well-known. Hence, a search and design of molecules that can show anti-cancer and immunomodulatory activity can be lead molecules in this field. A large number of anti-cancer peptides show good immunomodulatory activity by inhibiting the pro-inflammatory responses that assist cancer progression. Here, we thoroughly review both the naturally occurring and synthetic anti-cancer peptides that are reported to possess both anti-cancer and immunomodulatory activity. We also assess the structural and biophysical parameters that can be utilized to improve the activity. Both activities are mostly reported by different groups, however, we discuss them together to highlight their interconnection, which can be used in the future to design peptide drugs in the field of cancer therapeutics.

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The physiological characteristics of the basal microvilli microvessels in pancreatic cancers

Cited by 3 publications

References 44 publications

Basal microvilli define the metabolic capacity and lethal phenotype of pancreatic cancer

Basal microvilli define the metabolic capacity and lethal phenotype of pancreatic cancer

The Role and Therapeutic Potential of Macropinocytosis in Cancer

Role of Anti-Cancer Peptides as Immunomodulatory Agents: Potential and Design Strategy

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