The physiological response to Trier Social Stress Test relates to subjective measures of stress during but not before or after the test

Hellhammer, Juliane; Schubert, Melanie

doi:10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.05.012

Cited by 254 publications

(183 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…It is unusual for self-report to match fluctuations in biological data such as cortisol, particularly in adult samples. Other work with children has found that although self-report of stress levels during the TSST was very accurate, it was much less so pre-and post-stressor (Hellhammer and Schubert (2012). We would suggest that children may have a more intuitive awareness of their feelings of stress, be more honest about their negative feelings and more willing to share those feelings with the researcher than adults may be.…”

Section: Self-reported Stress Levels Mapped Onto Cortisol Data Demonsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Panel manipulation in social stress testing: The Bath Experimental Stress Test for Children (BEST-C)

Cheetham

Turner‐Cobb

2016

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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SummaryBackground: Whilst acute stress paradigms in adults make use of adult panel members, similar paradigms modified for child participants have not manipulated the panel.Most work has utilised an audience of adult confederates, regardless of the age of the population being tested. The aim of this study was to trial a social stress test for children that provided a meaningful environment using age-matched child peers as panel actors.Methods: Thirty-three participants (7-11 years) underwent the Bath Experimental Stress Test for Children (BEST-C). Based on the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), it comprises a shortened six-minute public speaking task and four-minute maths challenge. It differs from previous stress tests by using age-matched children on the panel, pre-recorded and presented as a live feed, and includes an expanded manipulation check of subjective experience. Salivary cortisol was assessed at four time points, pre-post stress testing; life events, daily hassles and coping strategies were measured through questionnaires. A simple numerical coding scheme was applied to post-test interview data. Results:The BEST-C generated a typical stress and adaptation response in salivary cortisol (p=.032). Age and gender differences were observed during recovery. Cortisol responses mapped directly onto three distinct subjective response patterns: i) expected response and recovery; ii) expected response, no recovery; iii) no response. Conclusions:The BEST-C, utilising child confederates of participant target age is a meaningful social stress test for children. This is the first social stress test developed specifically for children that manipulates panel characteristics by using child confederates and a pre-recorded sham panel. Greater cortisol responses to the test were also found to match subjective verbal accounts of the experience. It offers a meaningful acute stress paradigm with potential applications to other child and adolescent age groups. Furthermore, it leads the way in the use of panel manipulation in social stress testing.

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Section: Self-reported Stress Levels Mapped Onto Cortisol Data Demonsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Panel manipulation in social stress testing: The Bath Experimental Stress Test for Children (BEST-C)

Cheetham

Turner‐Cobb

2016

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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“…During the mTSST procedure, participants used visual analog scales to rate their perceptions of stress immediately after the 5-minute speech task and again immediately after the 5-minute math task Hellhammer & Schubert, 2012). Specifically, after each task, participants indicated how stressed, anxious, and insecure they felt by drawing a slash mark on a 140mm line from 0 (not at all) to 100 (highly) (with intermediate anchors at 25, 50, and 75).…”

Section: Subjective Stress Reactivitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Acceptance lowers stress reactivity: Dismantling mindfulness training in a randomized controlled trial

Lindsay

Young

Smyth

et al. 2018

Psychoneuroendocrinology

170

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Objective: Mindfulness interventions, which train practitioners to monitor their present-moment experience with a lens of acceptance, are known to buffer stress reactivity. Little is known about the active mechanisms driving these effects. We theorize that acceptance is a critical emotion regulation mechanism underlying mindfulness stress reduction effects. Method:In this three-arm parallel trial, mindfulness components were dismantled into three structurally equivalent 15-lesson smartphone-based interventions: (1) training in both monitoring and acceptance (Monitor+Accept), (2) training in monitoring only (Monitor Only), or (3) active control training (Coping control). 153 stressed adults (mean age = 32 years; 67% female; 53% white, 21.5% black, 21.5% Asian, 4% other race) were randomly assigned to complete one of three interventions. After the intervention, cortisol, blood pressure, and subjective stress reactivity were assessed using a modified Trier Social Stress Test.Results: As predicted, Monitor+Accept training reduced cortisol and systolic blood pressure reactivity compared to Monitor Only and control trainings. Participants in all three conditions reported moderate levels of subjective stress. Conclusions:This study provides the first experimental evidence that brief smartphone mindfulness training can impact stress biology, and that acceptance training drives these effects. We discuss implications for basic and applied research in contemplative science, emotion regulation, stress and coping, health, and clinical interventions.Trial Registration: Clinical Trials NCT02433431

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“…While biomarkers like cortisol (Schoofs & Wolf, 2011;Hellhammer & Schubert, 2012), salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) (Nater et al, 2006;Schoofs & Wolf, 2011), and heart rate (HR) (Nater et al, 2005;Hellhammer & Schubert, 2012) increase, heart rate variability (HRV) decreases in response A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t Boesch et al 04.02.2014 5 to the TSST (Nater et al, 2006;Strahler et al, 2010). Taken together, the TSST is a powerful psychosocial stress task inducing an acute stress response of all main physiologic stress systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mood and autonomic responses to repeated exposure to the Trier Social Stress Test for Groups (TSST-G)

Boesch

Sefidan

Ehlert

et al. 2014

Psychoneuroendocrinology

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The physiological response to Trier Social Stress Test relates to subjective measures of stress during but not before or after the test

Cited by 254 publications

References 32 publications

Panel manipulation in social stress testing: The Bath Experimental Stress Test for Children (BEST-C)

Panel manipulation in social stress testing: The Bath Experimental Stress Test for Children (BEST-C)

Acceptance lowers stress reactivity: Dismantling mindfulness training in a randomized controlled trial

Mood and autonomic responses to repeated exposure to the Trier Social Stress Test for Groups (TSST-G)

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