The Phytotoxicity of Microencapsulated Peppermint Oil on Maize (Zea mays L.) Depending on the Type of Growth Substrate and Maize Cultivar

Synowiec, Agnieszka; Bocianowski, Jan; Krajewska, Agnieszka

doi:10.3390/agronomy10091302

Cited by 3 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Analogous changes in maize growth were found in previous pot studies where microencapsulated peppermint oil was applied to three different soil substrates. In the cited studies, the lowest dose of microencapsulated peppermint oil (36 g m −2 ) also inhibited maize cultivars’ elongation and biomass accumulation [ 37 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both experiments were terminated when each plant reached the three-leaf growth stage (BBCH 13). Based on our previous pot results, that maltodextrin up to a dose of 145 g m −2 was neutral to the growth of maize in vermiculite, sandy soil, and clayey soil [ 37 ], we did not include the maltodextrin treatment in the present study.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studying the herbicidal effects of essential oil on crops is crucial for selecting the crop-safe oil, its dose [ 36 ] and a safe method for the EO application. Previous experiments showed that the phytotoxic effects of soil-applied and maltodextrin-coated essential oils of caraway or peppermint depend on the growth medium [ 24 , 37 ], dose of oil, and maize cultivar [ 37 ]. For those reasons, in this dose–response experiment, we tested how different doses of caraway EO, encapsulated in maltodextrin and pre-emergence sand-applied, will affect the initial growth of four different maize ( Zea mays L.) cultivars.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microencapsulated Caraway Essential Oil Affects Initial Growth of Maize Cultivars

et al. 2021

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Caraway (Carum carvi L.) essential oil is a candidate for botanical herbicides. A hypothesis was formulated that the sand-applied maltodextrin-coated caraway oil (MCEO) does not affect the growth of maize (Zea mays L.). In the pot experiment, pre-emergence application of five doses of MCEO was tested on four maize cultivars up to the three-leaf growth stage. The morphological analyses were supported by the measurements of relative chlorophyll content (SPAD), two parameters of chlorophyll a fluorescence, e.g., Fv/Fm and Fv/F0, and fluorescence emission spectra. The analyzed MCEO contained 6.5% caraway EO with carvone and limonene as the main compounds, constituting 95% of the oil. The MCEO caused 7-day delays in maize emergence from the dose of 0.9 g per pot (equal to 96 g m−2). Maize development at the three-leaf growth stage, i.e., length of roots, length of leaves, and biomass of shoots and leaves, was significantly impaired already at the lowest dose of MCEO: 0.4 g per pot, equal to 44 g m−2. A significant drop of both chlorophyll a fluorescence parameters was noted, on average, from the dose of 0.7 g per pot, equal to 69 g m−2. Among the tested cultivars, cv. Rywal and Pomerania were less susceptible to the MCEO compared to the cv. Kurant and Podole. In summary, maize is susceptible to the pre-emergence, sand-applied MCEO from the dose of 44 g m−2.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microencapsulated Caraway Essential Oil Affects Initial Growth of Maize Cultivars

et al. 2021

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“…The microcapsules with maltodextrin as a carrier and caraway or peppermint oil as a core were purchased from a commercial producer (Hoffmann Aroma, Zamysłowo, Poland). The oil content and chemical composition were characterized and presented in our previous work [ 13 , 15 ] and are summarized in Table 3 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Both peppermint and caraway oil display several agro-biological activities [ 11 , 12 ] and are potential sources of botanical pesticides. Some authors accentuate soil application of these oils as microcapsules for effective pest and weed control [ 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 ]. Peppermint ( Mentha piperita L.) is a perennial herb from the Lamiaceae family [ 17 ], originating from the Mediterranean region but cultivated all over the world [ 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maltodextrin-Coated Peppermint and Caraway Essential Oils Effects on Soil Microbiota

Chmiel

Drzymała

Bocianowski

et al. 2022

Plants

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Essential oils exhibit strong antimicrobial effects that can serve as a substitute for synthetic pesticides. However, many reports mention the use of essential oils in protecting above-ground plant organs and storing raw materials and seeds, but only a few address the effects of treatments on soil microbiota. Regarding this, it is necessary to find a solution that will prevent the rapid degradation of oils in soil and extend the period of their action on the soil microbiota. The solution to this problem can be microencapsulation, where the choice of carrier plays a key role. In our experiment, maltodextrin was studied, often used in the microencapsulation of essential oils. It was examined independently in two doses (M1 and M2, with 50 and 200 g kg−1, respectively) and a combination with two essential oils known for their antimicrobial activity. We hypothesized that the selected microbial communities would react differently to the stress caused by maltodextrin-encapsulated essential oils. The serial dilution method assessed the number of colony-forming units (CFU) of bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes. As the goal of microencapsulation was to prolong the effect of essential oils, their reaction was observed over a longer period. The soil microbial populations were examined in sandy and loamy soil at 1, 7, 14, and 78 days after encapsulated essential oils were mixed with the soil samples. In both types of soil, a significant increase in bacteria and actinomycetes was observed with maltodextrin in both doses. Encapsulated peppermint and caraway oils had different effects on microbes, both inhibitory and stimulatory. It is also important to note that peppermint with a smaller dose of maltodextrin significantly inhibited the growth of fungi in sandy soil in all measurements, as well as that caraway oil with a higher dose of maltodextrin significantly stimulated the growth of bacteria and actinomycetes in sandy soil. The higher dose of maltodextrin could explain this stimulation. Further research is recommended to test different doses of essential oils and maltodextrin, which would lead to the optimal dose of both wall and core materials.

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Approaches and Applications of Mentha Species in Sustainable Agriculture

Kadoglidou

Chatzopoulou

2023

Sustainability

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The potential applications of the genus Mentha as natural pesticides and environmentally friendly postharvest treatments for agricultural products in sustainable agriculture are reviewed here. The non-commercialized Mentha species in Greece and the rest of the world are presented, and the possibility of their exploitation is discussed. Recent developments in successive methods of application—i.e., the formulation of Mentha extracts/oils in eco-friendly pesticides, fumigation, and the assessment of performance in field trials—are also reported. Several studies have shown that Mentha species in various forms (e.g., essential oil (EO), aqueous extract, fresh or dried plant material, compost, etc.), or in different cropping systems (e.g., crop rotation, intercropping system/cover crop, cultivation and incorporation as green manure) offer the potential to be used in agriculture, with the goal of managing plant pathogens (bacteria and fungi), animal pests (insects, acarines, and nematodes), weeds, and for the improvement of soil quality and productivity as well. Finally, several studies are presented concerning the enhancement of Mentha EOs effectiveness in agriculture, and to also overcome the limitations of their nature (being unstable when exposed to light and oxygen), by using a combination of EOs, or by developing novel formulations (microencapsulation). Taking into consideration all the abovementioned findings, it is evident that Mentha species could be used in sustainable agricultural systems for integrated pest management. This can be achieved utilizing them either directly as a crop, green manure, or compost, or indirectly by developing natural pesticides based on their EOs or extracts. Nonetheless, further field experiments must be conducted, to confirm the efficacy of various formulas on pests under crop conditions.

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The Phytotoxicity of Microencapsulated Peppermint Oil on Maize (Zea mays L.) Depending on the Type of Growth Substrate and Maize Cultivar

Cited by 3 publications

References 42 publications

Microencapsulated Caraway Essential Oil Affects Initial Growth of Maize Cultivars

Microencapsulated Caraway Essential Oil Affects Initial Growth of Maize Cultivars

Maltodextrin-Coated Peppermint and Caraway Essential Oils Effects on Soil Microbiota

Approaches and Applications of Mentha Species in Sustainable Agriculture

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