The Pig as an Experimental Model for Colonic Healing Study of Leakage and Ischemia in Colonic Anastomosis

Hoeppner, Jens; Crnogorac, Vladan; Hopt, U. T.; Weiser, H.-F.

doi:10.1080/08941930903040098

Cited by 19 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…In the past, they have frequently been used as surgical research models. However, growing public concern about using companion animals for research has forced scientists to use other species [17,32]. …”

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choosing the Best Animal Species to Mimic Clinical Colon Anastomotic Leakage in Humans: A Qualitative Systematic Review

Pommergaard

Rosenberg²,

Schumacher-Petersen³

et al. 2011

Eur Surg Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background/Aims: Animal models are valuable for studying pathogenic factors and preventive measures for colon anastomotic leakage. The suitability of the species as models varies greatly; however, no consensus exists on which species to use. The aim of this review was to evaluate different experimental animals for the study of clinical colon anastomotic leakage. Methods: PubMed and REX database were searched up to October 2010 to identify studies evaluating clinical colon anastomotic leakage in animal models and textbooks on experimental animals, respectively. Results: Functional models of clinical colon anastomotic leakage have been developed in the mouse, pig, rat, dog and rabbit. However, extreme interventions are needed in order to produce clinical leakage in the rat. Conclusion: Despite the wide use of the rat in this field of research, it seems that its resistance to intra-abdominal infection makes clinical leakage difficult to produce thus rendering the rat unsuited as a model. On the basis of the available literature, we recommend using mice as models mimicking clinical colon anastomotic leakage. Pigs may be an alternative; however, the existing models in this animal are less validated and clinically relevant.

show abstract

Section: Animalsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Choosing the Best Animal Species to Mimic Clinical Colon Anastomotic Leakage in Humans: A Qualitative Systematic Review

Pommergaard

Rosenberg²,

Schumacher-Petersen³

et al. 2011

Eur Surg Res

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In another study carried out in pigs, ligation of supplying vessels in 5 cm of the mesentery on either side of the colonic anastomosis was done. 7 However, a leak of 18 mm was applied to the anastomosis at the same time. Despite clinical leakage in the control group, none of the animals with maximum ischemia had clinical leakage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,5 Using a combination of ischemia and technical insufficiency, other models have been able to create clinical leakage, but the effect of ischemia on the colonic anastomosis alone remains unknown. 6,7 Several animal studies have evaluated healing of the anastomosis without producing clinical leakage. 8 However, since clinical leakage is a condition comparable to the human scenario, a model for this may be needed.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Impaired Blood Supply in the Colonic Anastomosis in Mice Compromises Healing

Pommergaard

Achiam

Burcharth

et al. 2015

International Surgery

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Colon anastomotic leakage has a multifactorial etiology and ischemia is considered one of the most important single factors. However, no existing animal models have established a direct link between ischemia and anastomotic leakage. The aim of this study was to establish a model of colon anastomotic leakage as a result of tissue ischemia. In colon anastomoses of 53 C57BL/6 mice, varying degrees of ischemia were induced. Supplying vessels were divided with bipolar coagulation in order to reduce anastomotic breaking strength and create clinical anastomotic leakage. Breaking strength of all the ischemic anastomoses were significantly lower compared with controls. Increasing ischemia resulted in higher rates of large bowel obstruction without creating anastomotic leakage. Healing was compromised as a result of impaired blood supply. However, clinical leakage was absent. Pure ischemia in otherwise healthy experimental animals may be too simple of an approach to create clinical leakage.

show abstract

“…Therefore and with regard to a future clinical use, we tested our previous findings in the present large animal model. We chose swine because of its similarity in wound healing processes and POI development compared to human [19,28,29]. Indeed, oral CPSI-2364 reduced postoperative inflammation in swine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral CPSI-2364 Treatment Prevents Postoperative Ileus in Swine without Impairment of Anastomotic Healing

Vilz

Sommer

Kahl

et al. 2013

Cell Physiol Biochem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Postoperative ileus (POI) is an iatrogenic complication of abdominal surgery, mediated by a severe inflammation of the muscularis externa (ME). We demonstrated that orally applicated CPSI-2364 prevents POI in rodents by blockade of p38 MAPK pathway and abrogation of NO production in macrophages. In the present experimental swine study we compared the effect of orally and intravenously administered CPSI-2364 on POI and examined CPSI-2364 effect on anastomotic healing. Methods: CPSI-2364 was administered preoperatively via oral or intravenous route. POI was induced by intestinal manipulation of the small bowel. ME specimens were examined by quantitative PCR for CCL2 chemokine gene expression and myeloperoxidase activity. Functional analyzes included measurement of ileal smooth-muscle ex vivo contractility, in vivo intestinal and colonic transit. Furthermore, anastomotic healing of a rectorectostomy after CPSI-2364 treatment was assessed by perianastomotic hydroxyproline concentration, a histochemically evaluated healing score and anastomotic bursting pressure (ABP). Results: CPSI-2364 abolished inflammation of the ME and improved postoperative smooth muscle contractility and intestinal transit independently of its application route. Hydroxyproline concentration and ABP measurement revealed no wound healing disturbances after oral or intravenous CPSI-2364 treatment whereas histological scoring demonstrated delayed anastomotic healing after intravenous treatment. Conclusion: CPSI-2364 effectively prevents POI in swine independently of its application route. Impairment of anastomotic healing could be observed after intravenous but not oral preoperative CPSI-2364 treatment. Subsumed, an oral preoperative administration of CPSI-2364 appears to be a safe and efficient strategy for prophylaxis of POI.

show abstract

The Pig as an Experimental Model for Colonic Healing Study of Leakage and Ischemia in Colonic Anastomosis

Abstract: Large anastomotic dehiscence and local ischemia of the bowel wall are not reliable factors for the development of intra-abdominal abscess, peritonitis, or sepsis in the pig model.

Cited by 19 publications

References 4 publications

Choosing the Best Animal Species to Mimic Clinical Colon Anastomotic Leakage in Humans: A Qualitative Systematic Review

Choosing the Best Animal Species to Mimic Clinical Colon Anastomotic Leakage in Humans: A Qualitative Systematic Review

Impaired Blood Supply in the Colonic Anastomosis in Mice Compromises Healing

Oral CPSI-2364 Treatment Prevents Postoperative Ileus in Swine without Impairment of Anastomotic Healing

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About