The piscine arsenal: an updated review of venomous fishes

Harris, Richard J.

doi:10.1007/s11160-023-09828-w

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 240 publications

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“…The proteomic identification of a galectin-like protein as the second-most abundant protein in N. kuhlii venom, and also reportedly present in teleost venom [ 11 , 16 ], is especially intriguing given the well-established multifunctional characteristics of vertebrate galectins [ 31 , 32 ]. Several galectins have also been identified in the venom of other marine stingrays, but currently are not classified as toxins or members of a venom toxin family [ 19 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike most venomous animals whose venom glands are distinct well-defined organs, SRV secretion emanates from diffuse masses of cells that lie between the epidermis and dermis along either side of the midventral ridge of a serrated cartilaginous barb [ 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ]. Stingray venom glands are holocrine glands, where venom secretion results from physical rupture and disintegration of the venom-containing gland cells when the integumentary sheath is shed from the barb during the mechanical whip-like action of the tail [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioactive Properties of Venoms Isolated from Whiptail Stingrays and the Search for Molecular Mechanisms and Targets

Doupnik,

Luer,

Walsh

et al. 2024

Pharmaceuticals

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The venom-containing barb attached to their ‘whip-like’ tail provides stingrays a defensive mechanism for evading predators such as sharks. From human encounters, dermal stingray envenomation is characterized by intense pain often followed by tissue necrosis occurring over several days to weeks. The bioactive components in stingray venoms (SRVs) and their molecular targets and mechanisms that mediate these complex responses are not well understood. Given the utility of venom-derived proteins from other venomous species for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, we set out to characterize the bioactivity of SRV extracts from three local species that belong to the Dasyatoidea ‘whiptail’ superfamily. Multiple cell-based assays were used to quantify and compare the in vitro effects of these SRVs on different cell lines. All three SRVs demonstrated concentration-dependent growth-inhibitory effects on three different human cell lines tested. In contrast, a mouse fibrosarcoma cell line was markedly resistant to all three SRVs, indicating the molecular target(s) for mediating the SRV effects are not expressed on these cells. The multifunctional SRV responses were characterized by an acute disruption of cell adhesion leading to apoptosis. These findings aim to guide future investigations of individual SRV proteins and their molecular targets for potential use in biomedical applications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioactive Properties of Venoms Isolated from Whiptail Stingrays and the Search for Molecular Mechanisms and Targets

Doupnik,

Luer,

Walsh

et al. 2024

Pharmaceuticals

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The proteomic identification of a galectin-like protein as the second most abundant protein in N. kuhlii venom, and also reportedly present in teleost venom [11,16], is especially intriguing as a single multifunctional protein component basis on well-established and diverse functions of vertebrate galectins [29,30]. Galectins, members of the larger lectin family of proteins, are known to mediate many of the biological effects observed in our SRV experiments and therefore are poised to be an important SRV component mediating biological responses associated with envenomation [29,30].…”

Section: The Srv Galectin Toxin Hypothesismentioning

confidence: 96%

Bioactive Properties of Venoms Isolated from Whiptail Stingrays and the Search for Molecular Mechanisms and Targets

Doupnik,

Luer,

Walsh

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The venom-containing barb attached to their ‘whip-like’ tail provides stingrays a defensive mechanism for evading predators such as sharks. From human encounters, dermal stingray envenomation is characterized by intense pain often followed by tissue necrosis occurring over several days to several weeks. The bioactive components in stingray venoms (SRV’s) and their molecular targets and mechanisms that mediate these complex responses are not well understood. Given the utility of venom-derived proteins from other venomous species for biomedical and pharmaceutical applications, we set out to characterize the bioactivity of SRV from three local species that belong to the Dasyatoidea ‘whiptail’ superfamily. Multiple cell-based assays were used to quantify and compare the in vitro effects of these SRV’s on different cell lines. All three SRV’s demonstrated concentration-dependent growth inhibitory effects on three different human cell lines tested. In contrast, a mouse fibrosarcoma cell line was markedly resistant to all three SRV’s, indicating the molecular target(s) for mediating the SRV effects are not expressed on these cells. The multifunctional SRV responses were characterized by an acute disruption of cell adhesion leading to apoptosis. These findings aim to guide future investigations of identified SRV proteins and their molecular targets for potential use in biomedical applications.

show abstract

The piscine arsenal: an updated review of venomous fishes

Cited by 2 publications

References 240 publications

Bioactive Properties of Venoms Isolated from Whiptail Stingrays and the Search for Molecular Mechanisms and Targets

Bioactive Properties of Venoms Isolated from Whiptail Stingrays and the Search for Molecular Mechanisms and Targets

Bioactive Properties of Venoms Isolated from Whiptail Stingrays and the Search for Molecular Mechanisms and Targets

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