The Pitfalls in the Path of Probabilistic Inference in Forensic Entomology: A Review

Moreau, Gaétan

doi:10.3390/insects12030240

Cited by 20 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…All analyses were performed using R version 3.5.2 (R Development Core Team, 2018). Care was taken to ensure that the assumptions were respected for all analyses (Moreau, 2021).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and evolutionary factors favouring the coexistence of sarcosaprophagous Calliphoridae species competing for animal necromass

Boudreau

Hammami

Moreau

2021

Ecological Entomology

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1. Sarcosaprophagous flies from the Calliphoridae family provide clues about the circumstances of death in criminal investigations, and apparently occupy the same ecological niche because they depend on the same ephemeral resource, namely, carrion. 2. An empirical study was conducted in southeastern New Brunswick, Canada to identify differences in Hutchinsonian hypervolume/ecological niche that allow for competitive coexistence of calliphorid species. To do this, calliphorids were trapped for a calendar year in urban, periurban, and forest habitats. 3. About 20 576 calliphorid specimens distributed among 14 different species were collected. The composition of species assemblages changed with seasons, abiotic factors, habitats, and was related to the evolutionary history of species. Each species had a distinct centroid when their response to study variables was illustrated in canonical space, thus suggesting that their ecological niches differed. 4. Examining the Hutchinsonian hypervolumes of these forensically important insects is critical because it expands our knowledge of the factors regulating the activity of calliphorid species, thereby increasing our ability to use these insects in forensic investigations.

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“…All analyses were performed using R version 3.5.2 (R Development Core Team, 2018). Care was taken to ensure that the assumptions were respected for all analyses (Moreau, 2021).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental and evolutionary factors favouring the coexistence of sarcosaprophagous Calliphoridae species competing for animal necromass

Boudreau

Hammami

Moreau

2021

Ecological Entomology

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“…www.nature.com/scientificreports/ for the data analysis was appropriate and advantageous in estimating time and space events, including removing the confounding effect of both time and space and non-linearity 16 . The geospatial analysis method we fitted is granular.…”

Section: Wyomingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gun violence incidence during the COVID-19 pandemic is higher than before the pandemic in the United States

Ssentongo

Fronterrè

Ssentongo

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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During the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, gun violence (GV) in the United States (U.S.) was postulated to increase strain on already taxed healthcare resources, such as blood products, intensive care beds, personal protective equipment, and even hospital staff. This report aims to estimate the relative risk of GV in the U.S. during the pandemic compared to before the pandemic. Daily police reports corresponding to gun-related injuries and deaths in the 50 states and the District of Columbia from February 1st, 2019, to March 31st, 2021 were obtained from the GV Archive. Generalized linear mixed-effects models in the form of Poisson regression analysis were utilized to estimate the state-specific rates of GV. Nationally, GV rates were 30% higher between March 01, 2020, and March 31, 2021 (during the pandemic), compared to the same period in 2019 (before the pandemic) [intensity ratio (IR) = 1.30; 95% CI 1.29, 1.32; p < 0.0001]. The risk of GV was significantly higher in 28 states and significantly lower in only one state. National and state-specific rates of GV were higher during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the same timeframe 1 year prior. State-specific steps to mitigate violence, or at a minimum adequately prepare for its toll during the COVID-19 pandemic, should be taken.

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“…Thus, several parameters that are mostly abiotic in nature were extensively documented for their influence on the development of insect larval stages and on the progression of insect succession on necromass [1,2]. Spatial and scale effects, however, have barely been considered in forensic entomology [3][4][5][6][7][8], despite their pervasive effects on most of the biotic and abiotic parameters affecting insect occurrence and development. Space here refers to the place where the organisms involved in decomposition interact with each other and with the abiotic environment [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is Forensic Entomology Lost in Space?

Boudreau

Moreau

2021

Insects

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Spatial and scale effects have barely been considered in forensic entomology, despite their pervasive influence on most of the parameters affecting the development of insect larval stages and the progression of insect succession on cadavers. Here, we used smoothing/interpolation techniques and semivariograms to document the spatial dynamics of sarcosaprophageous Calliphoridae, an important forensic taxon, in the Greater Moncton area in New Brunswick, Canada. Results indicated that the spatial dynamics of Calliphoridae differed between species, some species showing strong patterns of regional aggregation while others did not. Multivariate spatial correlations indicated that interspecific relationships in space varied widely, ranging from local and large-scale aggregation to spatial anticorrelation between species. Overall, this study suggested that even within a restricted timescale, the spatial dynamics of Calliphoridae can operate at many scales, manifest in different patterns, and be attributed to multiple different causes. We stress that forensic entomology has much to benefit from the use of spatial analysis because many important forensic questions, both at the fundamental and practical levels, require a spatial solution.

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The Pitfalls in the Path of Probabilistic Inference in Forensic Entomology: A Review

Cited by 20 publications

References 65 publications

Environmental and evolutionary factors favouring the coexistence of sarcosaprophagous Calliphoridae species competing for animal necromass

Environmental and evolutionary factors favouring the coexistence of sarcosaprophagous Calliphoridae species competing for animal necromass

Gun violence incidence during the COVID-19 pandemic is higher than before the pandemic in the United States

Is Forensic Entomology Lost in Space?

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