The place of subjective emptiness in the structure of personality

Abstract

Background Subjective emptiness is a transdiagnostic clinical dimension related to suicide, distress, and other maladaptive outcomes. Although it is typically conceptualized as a symptom of borderline personality disorder, it has a different pattern of correlates than other symptoms of that phenotype and is present in individuals with other diagnoses. The goals of this study were to replicate and extend previous findings regarding the place of emptiness as a standalone construct within a relatively comprehensive array of personality features. Method A sample of 992 anonymous participants (M = 45.37 years, SD = 16.53) who were census-matched to the US population completed an online survey including measures of emptiness, normal-range and maladaptive trait domains and aspects, as well as interpersonal values and problems. Results Overall, the pattern of correlations suggests that people who report feelings of emptiness tend to have negative emotions, be socially withdrawn, and are low in energy. Conclusion These findings highlight the relevance of subjective emptiness beyond the borderline category, replicate previous findings regarding the personality and psychopathology correlates of subjective emptiness, and portray a particular profile of personality that represents a risk factor for the experience of subjective emptiness.