The place of subsidy: affordable sanitation service delivery in slums of Kumasi, Ghana

Doe, Benjamin; Aboagye, Prince Dacosta

doi:10.1007/s10708-020-10256-7

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 23 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Most of the housing in the settlement are single-storey traditional compound houses inhabited by more than one household [ 34 ] (Dinye and Acheampong, 2013). Generally, shared sanitation in low-income communities in Kumasi are flush toilets and can be shared by multiple households [ 35 , 36 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shared but Clean Household Toilets: What Makes This Possible? Evidence from Ghana and Kenya

Antwi-Agyei

Monney²,

Adjei

et al. 2022

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Shared sanitation facilities are not considered as basic sanitation owing to cleanliness and accessibility concerns. However, there is mounting evidence that some shared household toilets have a comparable level of service as private toilets. This study examined the factors that contribute to the quality of shared household toilets in low-income urban communities in Ghana and Kenya. The study design comprised household surveys and field inspections. Overall, 843 respondents were interviewed, and 838 household shared sanitation facilities were inspected. Cleanliness scores were computed from the facility inspections, while a total quality score was calculated based on 13 indicators comprising hygiene, privacy, and accessibility. Regression analyses were conducted to determine predictors of cleanliness and the overall quality of the shared sanitation facilities. More than four out of five (84%) shared toilets in Ghana (N = 404) were clean, while in Kenya (N = 434), nearly a third (32%) were clean. Flush/pour-flush toilets were six times (p < 0.01 aOR = 5.64) more likely to be clean. A functional outside door lock on a toilet facility and the presence of live-in landlords led to a threefold increase (p < 0.01 aOR = 2.71) and a twofold increase (p < 0.01 aOR = 1.92), respectively in the odds of shared sanitation cleanliness. Sanitation facilities shared by at most five households (95% CI: 6–7) were generally clean. High-quality shared toilets had live-in landlords, functional door locks, and were water-dependent. Further studies on innovative approaches to maintaining the quality of these high-quality shared toilets are needed to make them eligible for classification as basic sanitation considering the increasing reliance on the facilities.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shared but Clean Household Toilets: What Makes This Possible? Evidence from Ghana and Kenya

Antwi-Agyei

Monney²,

Adjei

et al. 2022

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The approach taken by regulators to favor compliant emptiers corresponds to the "support and incentivize" regulatory approach (Baldwin and Cave, 1999;Vedung, 2017) and goes beyond enabling emptiers. While the review of literature identified examples of support mechanisms (Doe and Aboagye, 2020;Gero and Willetts, 2020), incentive mechanisms are rarely documented and correspond to the "advise and persuade" enforcement style (Ayres and Braithwaite, 1992;Baldwin and Cave, 1999). The threat of sanction is a tool included in the "command and control" regulatory approach and the "punish" enforcement style.…”

Section: Motivationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The implementation of the regulation is often partial or nonexistent (Weststrate et al, 2019;Lerebours et al, 2021b). Earlier research identified certain elements of the regulation that influence its implementation, either from the perspective of the regulated (Lerebours et al, 2021a;Lerebours et al, 2021b), financial constraints (Jenkins et al, 2015;Acey et al, 2019;Doe and Aboagye, 2020), or the enabling environment for sanitation (Mumssen et al, 2018;Sinharoy et al, 2019;Weststrate et al, 2019). There is, however, no overall analysis of what, both in the content of the regulation and in the regulatory process itself, influence its degree of implementation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barriers and Enablers to the Regulation of Sanitation Services: A Framework for Emptying and Transport Services in Sub-Saharan African Cities

Lerebours

Scott

Sansom

et al. 2022

Front. Environ. Sci.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Onsite sanitation is the dominant form of sanitation in Sub-Saharan African cities. Services for emptying the fecal sludge from these facilities and transporting it to safe disposal or treatment plants are crucial to public and environmental health. While these services are becoming increasingly regulated, implementation of the regulation remains a challenge. Through a multiple-case study anchored in the Contextual Interaction Theory, this research investigated the barriers and enablers to regulating emptying and transport services for fecal sludge. Looking at the cases of Kampala, Lusaka, and Freetown, this research found that both the content of the regulation and the regulatory process (initiation, creation or reform through to implementation) play a key role in the extent to which the regulation is or can be implemented. New elements relating to the knowledge, motivation, and resources of all stakeholders are identified as crucial to achieve regulated services. The findings have resulted in a framework that identifies the key elements to consider when regulating services. This framework would prove useful to practitioners and researchers engaged through all stages of creating, implementing, and evaluating regulatory practices.

show abstract

“…The interplay between poverty and sanitation has long been acknowledged; WASH initiatives assert that sanitation is essential to poverty alleviation (UNICEF & WHO 2020), but many professionals also recognize that poverty can impede access to improved sanitation (Andersson et al 2016;World Bank 2019;Doe & Aboagye 2020). Indeed, many residents of low-income countries desire improved sanitation but lack the resources (finances or space) to obtain or maintain access to toilets.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Many residents of low-income countries desire improved sanitation but lack the resources to obtain or maintain access to toilets (Russel et al 2015;Doe & Aboagye 2020).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The sanitation arc: an alternative examination of WASH behavior change

VanRiper

Russel

Tillias³

et al. 2021

Journal of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene for Development

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A primary goal of the WASH sector is to facilitate transitions from open defecation to improved sanitation. Many residents of low-income countries desire improved sanitation but lack the resources to obtain or maintain access to toilets. For such persons, describing the goal as ‘behavior change’ implies a deficiency in mindset, failing to capture contextual factors affecting sanitation access. Furthermore, household circumstances affect movement both up and down the sanitation ladder, a phenomenon that the sector tends to overlook. This study, based on interviews with 308 former subscribers to Haitian container-based-sanitation service EkoLakay, tracks household sanitation access at four points in time: prior to subscribing, during the subscription period, immediately upon unsubscribing, and at the time of interview. We describe this movement through time as the ‘sanitation arc’. Prior to subscribing, households were more likely to practice open defecation or rely on non-household sanitation, and less likely to have private improved sanitation than the average urban Haitian. This distribution is reversed among former subscribers. Nearly half of former subscribers, however, could not afford continuous access to EkoLakay; 80% of involuntary terminations resulted in loss of access to private improved sanitation, and over one-third of these households reverted to open defecation.

show abstract

The place of subsidy: affordable sanitation service delivery in slums of Kumasi, Ghana

Cited by 6 publications

References 23 publications

Shared but Clean Household Toilets: What Makes This Possible? Evidence from Ghana and Kenya

Shared but Clean Household Toilets: What Makes This Possible? Evidence from Ghana and Kenya

Barriers and Enablers to the Regulation of Sanitation Services: A Framework for Emptying and Transport Services in Sub-Saharan African Cities

The sanitation arc: an alternative examination of WASH behavior change

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About