The placenta of the pig

Frieß, A. E.; Sinowatz, Fred; Skolek-Winnisch, Rita; Träutner, W

doi:10.1007/bf00315769

Cited by 63 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Burton and Fowden () postulated that during placental normal development the simple diffusion rate will be inversely proportional to thickness interhemal barrier separating the maternal and foetal components. Thus, the great decrease in the HDD as the pregnancy progresses that we report in this work, together with the expansion of the contact surface in advanced gestations, allows near maternal and foetal blood currents, optimizing haemotrophic transport, as the nutritional requirements of the embryos/foetuses increase, allowing optimal placental development (Burton & Fowden, ; Friess, Sinowatz, Skolek‐Winnisch, & Trautner, ; Santos, Oliveira, Papa, & Dantzer, ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

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Morphometric study of the porcine placental vascularization

Cristofolini

Fiorimanti

Campos

et al. 2017

Reprod Domestic Animals

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The early development in mammals is characterized by the contribution of nutrients from the maternal tissues through the placenta, which is in apposition with foetal membranes and the endometrium, allowing the physiological interchange between the embryos/foetuses and the mother. The aim of this work was to study the number of placental blood vessels and their vascular area through morphometric analyses and the haemotrophic diffusion distance in porcine placental tissues from early gestations, intermediates gestations, advanced gestations and term gestations. For those purposes, morphometric measurements, blood vessel quantification, high-resolution light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were performed. The implementation of the high-resolution light microscopy allowed studying the placental vascular and tissue histoarchitecture with higher definition and resolution than using a conventional light microscopy. We highlight the close location of the subepithelial capillaries to the maternal/foetal interface as pregnancy progresses. We found statistically significant evidence to state that the area of blood vessels is dependent on the gestation period. In advanced gestations, the presence of numerous small blood vessels and its near location to foetal/maternal interface agree with the great remodelling reported in our previous studies. In conclusion, in gilts, given the type of non-invasive epithelial placentation, the new blood vessels generation and of haemotrophic diffusion distance reduction, determined in this report, assure the maternal/foetal haemotrophic exchange efficiency during gestation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Friess et al. () postulated that the exchange of nutrients transported by blood occurs in the base of placental villi. Ours reported the presence of high columnar trophoblastic and uterine cells located at the base of placental villi in interareolar zone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphometric study of the porcine placental vascularization

Cristofolini

Fiorimanti

Campos

et al. 2017

Reprod Domestic Animals

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“…It is well known that the areolae have important functions such as absorption of secretions from uterine glands (uterine milk or histotrophe), including uteroferrin, an iron-containing glycoprotein [5,6,7,8, 13,14,15], and uptake of cell debris [5, 8] and erythrocytes (hemophagous) [8, 16, 17]. In general, areolar trophoblast cells have a tall columnar shape with long microvilli at the apical free end, have many large phagosomes and droplets of different size and have rich cellular organelles in the cytoplasm as compared with trophoblast cells [7, 13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, areolar trophoblast cells have a tall columnar shape with long microvilli at the apical free end, have many large phagosomes and droplets of different size and have rich cellular organelles in the cytoplasm as compared with trophoblast cells [7, 13]. In areolar trophoblast cells, many blebs (possibly uterine gland secretory granules) were attached to the apical surface with the microvilli [7, 13]. In the Antarctic minke whale placenta, areolar trophoblast cells had a tall columnar shape and had long microvilli and many blebs on the apical surface.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Areolae of the Placenta in the Antarctic Minke Whale (<i>Balaenoptera bonaerensis</i>)

Sasaki

Amano

Hayakawa

et al. 2014

Journal of Reproduction and Development

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In this study, we examined the existence and structure of areolae and the steroidogenesis of areolar trophoblast cells in the Antarctic minke whale placenta morphologically and immunohistochemically. Placentas were collected from the 15th, 16th and 18th Japanese Whale Research Program under Special Permit in the Antarctic (JARPA) and 1st JARPA II organized by the Institute of Cetacean Research in Tokyo, Japan. The opening and cavity of fetal areolae formed by taller columnar trophoblast cells (areolar trophoblast cells) with long microvilli and a bright cytoplasm, as compared with the trophoblast cells of the chorionic villi interdigitating with the endometrial crypts, were recognized in observations of serial sections. The opening of the areolar cavity was hidden by chorionic villi with areolar trophoblast cells. Furthermore, a closed pouch-like structure lined by tall columnar cells similar to areolar trophoblast cells within the stroma of chorionic villi was noticed and continued to the areolar cavity, with the opening seen on serial sections. In a surface investigation of the chorion and endometrium by SEM, maternal (endometrial) areolae irregularly surrounded by endometrial folds were obvious. Moreover, we distinguished areolar trophoblast cells with long microvilli attached with many blebs from trophoblast cells. In our immunohistochemical observations, a steroidogenic enzyme, cytochrome P450 side chain cleavage enzyme (P450scc), was detected with strong immunoreactivity in trophoblast cells. However, areolar trophoblast cells showed weak or no immunoreactivity for P450scc.

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“…Maternal capillaries (MC) are placed just below the basal lamina of the UE; D, A general view of a dome-shaped areola (AE) situated above the mouth of a uterine gland (UG) at d 30 of pregnancy. Figures 5A-C are from Friess et al (1980) (Friess, et al 1980); Figure 5D is from Friess et al (1981)(Friess, et al 1981) with permission.…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution of the placenta

Roberts¹,

Green²,

Schulz³

2016

Reproduction

174

125

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The still apt definition of a placenta is that coined by Mossman, namely apposition or fusion of the fetal membranes to the uterine mucosa for physiological exchange. As such it is a specialized organ whose purpose is to provide continuing support to the developing young. By this definition, placentas have evolved within every vertebrate class other than birds. They have evolved on multiple occasions, often within quite narrow taxonomic groups. As the placenta and the maternal system associate more intimately, such that the conceptus relies extensively on maternal support, the relationship leads to increased conflict that drives adaptive changes on both sides. The story of vertebrate placentation, therefore, is one of convergent evolution at both the macro- and molecular levels. In this short review, we first describe the emergence of placental-like structures in non-mammalian vertebrates and then transition to mammals themselves. We close the review by discussing mechanisms that might have favored diversity and hence evolution of the morphology and physiology of the placentas of eutherian mammals.

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The placenta of the pig

Cited by 63 publications

References 15 publications

Morphometric study of the porcine placental vascularization

Morphometric study of the porcine placental vascularization

Areolae of the Placenta in the Antarctic Minke Whale (<i>Balaenoptera bonaerensis</i>)

The evolution of the placenta

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