The plant disease triangle facing climate change: a molecular perspective

Roussin-Léveillée, Charles; Rossi, Christina A.M.; Castroverde, Christian Danve Marco; Moffett, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2024.03.004

Cited by 14 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 182 publications

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“…In plant pathology, the well-known “disease triangle” concept emphasizes how pathogens and plants interact with their environment. Three main factors—pathogen virulence, host vulnerability, and ideal environmental conditions—determine the development of disease in plants [ 22 ]. Any alterations in favorable environmental conditions can affect disease development in plants.…”

Section: Impact Of Climate Change or Environmental Factors On Plant–p...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Immunity: At the Crossroads of Pathogen Perception and Defense Response

Ali,

Tyagi,

Mir

2024

Plants

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Plants are challenged by different microbial pathogens that affect their growth and productivity. However, to defend pathogen attack, plants use diverse immune responses, such as pattern-triggered immunity (PTI), effector-triggered immunity (ETI), RNA silencing and autophagy, which are intricate and regulated by diverse signaling cascades. Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) and nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) receptors are the hallmarks of plant innate immunity because they can detect pathogen or related immunogenic signals and trigger series of immune signaling cascades at different cellular compartments. In plants, most commonly, PRRs are receptor-like kinases (RLKs) and receptor-like proteins (RLPs) that function as a first layer of inducible defense. In this review, we provide an update on how plants sense pathogens, microbe-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs or MAMPs), and effectors as a danger signals and activate different immune responses like PTI and ETI. Further, we discuss the role RNA silencing, autophagy, and systemic acquired resistance as a versatile host defense response against pathogens. We also discuss early biochemical signaling events such as calcium (Ca2+), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and hormones that trigger the activation of different plant immune responses. This review also highlights the impact of climate-driven environmental factors on host–pathogen interactions.

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Section: Impact Of Climate Change or Environmental Factors On Plant–p...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant Immunity: At the Crossroads of Pathogen Perception and Defense Response

Ali,

Tyagi,

Mir

2024

Plants

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“…A "disease triangle" theory was put forth by Russell B. Stevens in the 1960s [168]. In the traditional "disease triangle" theory, the occurrence of plant diseases only involves the influence of three factors: plants, pathogens, and the environment.…”

Section: Host-endophyte-pathogen Triangle Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current Advances in the Functional Diversity and Mechanisms Underlying Endophyte–Plant Interactions

Zhao,

Onyino,

Gao

2024

Microorganisms

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Plant phenotype is a complex entity largely controlled by the genotype and various environmental factors. Importantly, co-evolution has allowed plants to coexist with the biotic factors in their surroundings. Recently, plant endophytes as an external plant phenotype, forming part of the complex plethora of the plant microbial assemblage, have gained immense attention from plant scientists. Functionally, endophytes impact the plant in many ways, including increasing nutrient availability, enhancing the ability of plants to cope with both abiotic and biotic stress, and enhancing the accumulation of important plant secondary metabolites. The current state of research has been devoted to evaluating the phenotypic impacts of endophytes on host plants, including their direct influence on plant metabolite accumulation and stress response. However, there is a knowledge gap in how genetic factors influence the interaction of endophytes with host plants, pathogens, and other plant microbial communities, eventually controlling the extended microbial plant phenotype. This review will summarize how host genetic factors can impact the abundance and functional diversity of the endophytic microbial community, how endophytes influence host gene expression, and the host–endophyte–pathogen disease triangle. This information will provide novel insights into how breeders could specifically target the plant–endophyte extended phenotype for crop improvement.

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