The plant Pontin and Reptin homologues, Ruv<scp>BL</scp>1 and Ruv<scp>BL</scp>2a, colocalize with <scp>TERT</scp> and <scp>TRB</scp> proteins <i>in vivo</i>, and participate in telomerase biogenesis

Schořová, Šárka; Fajkus, Jiřı́; Drábková, Lenka Záveská; Honys, David; Schrumpfová, Petra Procházková

doi:10.1111/tpj.14306

Cited by 22 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Interestingly, telomerase activity in these plants was reduced to ca. 5% compared to WT plants [134].…”

Section: D) Association With Telomerementioning

confidence: 88%

“…Dyskerin associates with TRB proteins. [19,[134][135][136] Nucleolin NCL involves nucleolar localization of TERT. [137] NUC-L1 has a role in telomere maintenance and telomere clustering.…”

Section: Rna Polymerasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[140] Interactions between TERT and RuvBL proteins are mediated by TRB proteins. [134] coilin Interacts with TR. [141,142] Colocalizes with TRB1 in the CBs adjacent to the nucleolus.…”

Section: Rna Polymerasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Similarly, we demonstrated that the plant RuvBL1 and RuvBL2a proteins interacted with TERT only indirectly in the nucleolus in vivo. In contrast to mammals, interactions between the TERT and RuvBL proteins in A. thaliana were not direct, but rather they were mediated by one of the Telomere Repeat Binding (TRB) proteins [134,177]. It was also shown that in A. thaliana, dyskerin directly interacted with NAF1.…”

Section: Composition Of Enzymatically Active Telomerasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Composition and Function of Telomerase—A Polymerase Associated with the Origin of Eukaryotes

Schrumpfová

Fajkus

2020

Biomolecules

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The canonical DNA polymerases involved in the replication of the genome are unable to fully replicate the physical ends of linear chromosomes, called telomeres. Chromosomal termini thus become shortened in each cell cycle. The maintenance of telomeres requires telomerase—a specific RNA-dependent DNA polymerase enzyme complex that carries its own RNA template and adds telomeric repeats to the ends of chromosomes using a reverse transcription mechanism. Both core subunits of telomerase—its catalytic telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) subunit and telomerase RNA (TR) component—were identified in quick succession in Tetrahymena more than 30 years ago. Since then, both telomerase subunits have been described in various organisms including yeasts, mammals, birds, reptiles and fish. Despite the fact that telomerase activity in plants was described 25 years ago and the TERT subunit four years later, a genuine plant TR has only recently been identified by our group. In this review, we focus on the structure, composition and function of telomerases. In addition, we discuss the origin and phylogenetic divergence of this unique RNA-dependent DNA polymerase as a witness of early eukaryotic evolution. Specifically, we discuss the latest information regarding the recently discovered TR component in plants, its conservation and its structural features.

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“…Interestingly, telomerase activity in these plants was reduced to ca. 5% compared to WT plants [134].…”

Section: D) Association With Telomerementioning

confidence: 88%

“…Dyskerin associates with TRB proteins. [19,[134][135][136] Nucleolin NCL involves nucleolar localization of TERT. [137] NUC-L1 has a role in telomere maintenance and telomere clustering.…”

Section: Rna Polymerasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…[140] Interactions between TERT and RuvBL proteins are mediated by TRB proteins. [134] coilin Interacts with TR. [141,142] Colocalizes with TRB1 in the CBs adjacent to the nucleolus.…”

Section: Rna Polymerasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Composition Of Enzymatically Active Telomerasementioning

confidence: 99%

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Composition and Function of Telomerase—A Polymerase Associated with the Origin of Eukaryotes

Schrumpfová

Fajkus

2020

Biomolecules

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“…In this highlighted paper (Schořová et al ., ), a combination of BiFC, yeast‐two hybrid and pull‐down assays confirmed that there is no direct interaction between RuvBLs and TERT, but that the interaction is mediated by TRBs as an intermediary. It was also shown that RuvBL proteins form hetero‐ and homo‐oligomers in vivo .…”

mentioning

confidence: 81%

The journey to the end of the chromosome: delivering active telomerase to telomeres in plants

Gutiérrez¹

2019

The Plant Journal

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Linear chromosomes offer many advantages over circular DNA for transcription and replication of large genomes, hence their prevalence in eukaryotes. But the linear arrangement of the DNA has a massive Achilles heel: the terminal ends, or telomeres, are unstable and prone to mutation. Moreover, DNA replication cannot proceed to the end of a linear DNA molecule because the synthesis of Okazaki fragments needs RNA primers to bind ahead of the lagging strand. Eukaryotes deal with both of these problems by adding repetitive DNA sequences to the telomeres that act as a disposable buffer, protecting terminal genes from being truncated during replication and from mutation. Because the telomere is shortened during each DNA replication, it is necessary to resynthesise telomere DNA using an enzyme, telomerase reverse transcriptase.Our understanding of telomere biology is dominated by research into human telomeres. This is understandable due to the links between telomere biology and cellular mortality, ageing and a range of diseases including cancer. However, telomere biology in plants shows some specific differences to humans which may be crucial in our understanding of telomere biology in general. For example, telomerase activity in plant cells is well balanced with the cellular proliferation rate. The reversible regulation of telomerase activity is thought to be important in this context: its activity is turned off in differentiated tissues and turned on during cell periods of active cell replication, for example, during regeneration of plant tissues. Understanding the mechanism for this reversible regulation of telomerase activity could be beneficial in biomedical applications of telomere biology in humans.But where to start? From protozoans and humans, it was known that telomerase was a ribonucleoprotein, carrying its own RNA molecules that are complementary to the telomere repeats and are used as a template for telomere elongation, catalysed by the reverse transcriptase activity of the enzyme. But, in addition, a number of accessory proteins are required to deliver functional telomerase to the telomeres, to regulate its activity and to protect the elongated telomere from DNA repair enzymes. These components assemble into two distinct complexes known as shelterin and CST. Functional homologues of the CST complex have been identified in plants, but the same is not true for the shelterin complex. In plants, not all of the homologues of the six core shelterin components exist, and only some of them seem to be associated with telomeres in vivo. The goal, therefore was to identify undiscovered telomerase accessory proteins in plants and to establish how active telomerase is formed and regulated.Ji r ı Fajkus and his research group at Masaryk University, have been working on plant telomeres for over 20 years. A key member of his team in the hunt for plant telomeraseassociated proteins has been Petra Proch azkov a Schrumpfov a, first as a Ph.D. student and then through several postdoc periods. Working in Arabidopsis, the group...

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Optimized Detection of Protein-Protein and Protein-DNA Interactions, with Particular Application to Plant Telomeres

2020

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The plant Pontin and Reptin homologues, RuvBL1 and RuvBL2a, colocalize with TERT and TRB proteins in vivo, and participate in telomerase biogenesis

Cited by 22 publications

References 87 publications

Composition and Function of Telomerase—A Polymerase Associated with the Origin of Eukaryotes

Composition and Function of Telomerase—A Polymerase Associated with the Origin of Eukaryotes

The journey to the end of the chromosome: delivering active telomerase to telomeres in plants

Optimized Detection of Protein-Protein and Protein-DNA Interactions, with Particular Application to Plant Telomeres

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