The plant sterol guggulsterone attenuates inflammation and immune dysfunction in murine models of inflammatory bowel disease

Abstract

The plant sterol guggulsterone attenuates inflammation and immune dysfunction in murine models of inflammatory bowel disease. Biochemical Pharmacology, Elsevier, 2009, 78 (9) This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 These data ground the use of GS, a natural cholesterol-lowering agent, in the treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases.

Preliminary study on the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of the leave extract of Hyptis fruticosa Salzm. ex Benth., Lamiaceae

“…These previous studies confirm our dates in this work that demonstrated the presence of flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and xanthones in the EE, and EtOAc and MeOH/H 2 O partitions with antiinflammatory and antioxidant effects. In addition, steroids have been reported as potent anti-inflammatory agents (Mencarelli et al, 2009). In our work demonstrated that the n-C 6 H 14 partition contains steroids and its shows anti-inflammatory activity and poor antioxidant action.…”

Cancer Chemopreventive and Therapeutic Potential of Guggulsterone

“…38 I. Almazari and Y.-J. Surh E-GS, unlike its stereoisomer, suppressed the development of inflammatory bowel disease in BALB/c and SCID mice in two different murine colitis models [21]. 2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis is a model of the T helper (Th)1-mediated disease that results in Crohn's disease, while oxazoloneinduced colitis is a model of the Th2-mediated disease that mimics human ulcerative colitis [43,44].…”

“…2,4,6-Trinitrobenzenesulphonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis is a model of the T helper (Th)1-mediated disease that results in Crohn's disease, while oxazoloneinduced colitis is a model of the Th2-mediated disease that mimics human ulcerative colitis [43,44]. E-GS abrogated TNBS-and oxazolone-induced expression of inflammatory mediators, such as interferon-(IFN)-g, TNF-a, transforming growth factor-(TGF)-b and interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, and IL-6 [21].…”

“…GS [12,21,26] and two of its derivatives [41] have been shown to exert antiinflammatory effects through suppression of nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB), which plays a crucial role in the inflammatory processes by regulating the expression of diverse proinflammatory proteins, including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) [42]. GS exerts potent protective effects against the inflammatory conditions by inhibiting NF-kB signaling in several different types of cells including pancreatic beta cells [35], intestinal epithelial cells [27,41], fibroblast-like synoviocytes [24], and human primary nonpigment ciliary epithelial cells [26].…”

“…Many pathophysiological conditions including obesity, diabetes, and infections are associated with chronic inflammation, and are somehow linked to carcinogenesis [16]. Recently, much attention has been focused on GS as a potential chemopreventive phytochemical because it possesses strong antioxidant [11,[17][18][19][20] and anti-inflammatory [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] properties. The following sections deal with the scientific progress that has been accomplished regarding the mechanisms of action and molecular targets of GS with special focus on its role in the prevention of cancer.…”