The Plasma Instrument for AMPTE IRM

Paschmann, G.; Loidl, H.; Obermayer, P. E.; Ertl, Michael; Laborenz, R.; Sckipke, N.; Baumjohann, W.; Carlson, C. W.; Curtis, D. W.

doi:10.1109/tgrs.1985.289525

Cited by 139 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Thus, investigations of vertical plasma flows were favored on board IT, as compared with the ion spectrometers on board ISEE-2 and AMPTE/IRM (Bame et al, 1978;Paschmann et al, 1985). It should be noted that the ion flux was not measured inside two ±16 • -wide cones centered at the spin axis.…”

Section: Instrumentation and Data Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interball-tail observations of vertical plasma motions in the magnetotail

Petrukovich

Yermolaev

2002

Ann. Geophys.

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Abstract. The Interball spacecraft configuration favors, in contrast to previous experiments, investigation of vertical ion flows (GSM V z ). We use measurements of the CORALL instrument for the statistical study of V z and V y plasma flows in the mid-tail plasma sheet. In agreement with the previous observations, the mean V y was positive on the dusk side and negative on the dawn side. When IMF was southward, the mean V z consisted of the convection flow towards the equatorial plane ∼ 7 km/s and the northward flow ∼ 8 km/s. When IMF was northward, both components nearly vanished. The velocity variance was much larger than the mean values. The V z variance maximized on the dawn flank and was always 15-20% smaller than the V y one. The V y variance maximized in the pre-midnight sector closer to the neutral sheet. We conclude that velocity fluctuations are composed with the inherent high-beta plasma turbulence contributing to all components, and the BBF-related activity contributing mainly to V y in the pre-midnight plasma sheet.

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Section: Instrumentation and Data Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interball-tail observations of vertical plasma motions in the magnetotail

Petrukovich

Yermolaev

2002

Ann. Geophys.

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“…In order to simultaneously determine the 3-dimensional distribution function separately for the main ion species observed in the near-Earth space, the concept of the fast 3D plasma instrument in top-hat configuration on AMPTE / IRM (Paschmann et al, 1985) has been combined with the TOFtechnique and post-acceleration in the COmposition and DIstribution Function Analyser (CODIF) for the ESA Horizon 2000 mission CLUSTER (Rème et al, 1993(Rème et al, , 1997. Similar instruments, based on the CLUSTER development, have been flown with TEAMS on FAST (Carlson, 1992) and with ESIC on Equator-S (Möbius et al, 1998).…”

Section: Velocity Determinationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been used, for example, on the AMPTE-IRM spacecraft (Paschmann et al, 1985). For an extensive review see CPAs see e.g.…”

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confidence: 99%

Space Storms and Space Weather Hazards

Daglis¹

2001

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Subject Terms Report Classification unclassified Classification of this page unclassified Classification of Abstract unclassified Limitation of Abstract UU Number of Pages 486REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE Public reporting burden for this collection of information is estimated to average 1 hour per response, including the time for reviewing instructions, searching existing data sources, gathering and maintaining the data needed, and completing and reviewing the collection of information. Send comments regarding this burden estimate or any other aspect of this collection of information, including suggestions for reducing this burden to Washington Headquarters Services, Directorate for Information Operations and Reports, 1215 Jefferson Davis Highway, Suite 1204, Arlington, VA 22202-4302, and to the Office of Management and Budget, -to review recent spacecraft measurements that have provided new insight into the dynamics and effects of space storms; -to review space weather hazards associated with space storms and pertinent to the operation of technological systems in space and on ground;-to discuss and assess methods of space weather forecasting, as well as national and international initiatives towards an efficient development of space climatology.Space weather, the invisible but nevertheless effective result of solar activity and solar-terrestrial coupling, has affected the operations of communication systems since the appearance of telegraph in the 19th century, though as an unknown trouble factor. Nowadays, the effects of space weather affect in various ways all communication modes, from cable to wireless to space-based systems. Moreover, space weather hazards include malfunction or even permanent damage of power distribution grids and of telecommunication, navigation and surveillance satellites, disturbances of over-the-horizon (OTH) radar, HF, VHF and UHF communications, surveying and navigation systems that use Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites, surveillance (optical and radar), and satellite tracking. Space weather influences on the Earth's weather and climate is still a developing topic. Little is known concerning the biological effects of space weather, especially regarding astronauts.This Institute could not be timelier. Space Weather, which has been defined as "conditions on the sun and in the solar wind, magnetosphere, ionosphere, and thermosphere that can influence the performance and reliability of space-and ground-based technological systems and can endanger human life", encompasses a broad range of phenomena impacting both space science and technology. The effects of Space Weather, while present throughout the solar cycle, gain particular prominence around the peak of the 11-year sunspot activity; the maximum of cycle 23 occurred in summer 2000.The fact that this ASI on Space Weather was held in Europe is particularly appropriate. European countries host a considerable repository of knowledge and world-class facilities in this field. Nevertheless, while Space Weather activities in c...

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“…Similar instruments were on board ISEE-1 and ISEE-2 satellites at that time , but these analysers could not obtain real 3D ion energy spectra and measured only nearequatorial plane distribution. The ion instruments of AMPTE UKS (Coates et al, 1985) and AMPTE IRM (Paschman et al, 1985) were improved and could obtain 3D spectra every spacecraft spin. But due to telemetryrate limitations the processed data had a rough azimuthal and energy resolution.…”

Section: Instrument Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion distribution dynamics near the Earth's bow shock: first measurements with the 2D ion energy spectrometer CORALL on the INTERBALL/Tail-probe satellite

et al. 1997

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Abstract. The dynamics of the ion distribution function near the Earth's bow shock is studied on the basis of quasi-3D measurements of ion energy spectra in the range of 30±24200 eV/q with the Russian-Cuban COR-ALL instrument on the INTERBALL/Tail-probe satellite. The instrument was designed for observations of magnetospheric plasma and measures ions, in an angular range of 36°±144°from the Earth-Sun direction. Ion populations generated by the Earth bow shock are often observed upstream from the bow shock. In the solarwind stream compressed and heated by the passing of very dense magnetic cloud (CME), two types of these ion populations were measured upstream and before the bow shock crossing on 25 August 1995 at 07:37 UT. Both populations were observed in the energy range above 2 keV. At $06:20 UT, when the angle between the direction of the interplanetary magnetic ®eld and normal to the bow shock 5 fn was 9 43 the instrument observed a narrow, fast ($800 km/s) ®eld-aligned beam moving from the Earth. At $07:30, when 5 fn 9 28 , the wide ion pitch-angle distribution was observed. A similar suprathermal ion population is observed in the magnetosheath simultaneously with the solar-wind ion population being heated and de¯ected from the SunEarth direction. The similarity of observations during the mentioned time-interval and under usual solar-wind conditions allows us to conclude that types of suprathermal ion populations upstream and downstream from the bow shock do not depend on the solar-wind disturbance generated by magnetic cloud.

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The Plasma Instrument for AMPTE IRM

Cited by 139 publications

References 2 publications

Interball-tail observations of vertical plasma motions in the magnetotail

Interball-tail observations of vertical plasma motions in the magnetotail

Space Storms and Space Weather Hazards

Ion distribution dynamics near the Earth's bow shock: first measurements with the 2D ion energy spectrometer CORALL on the INTERBALL/Tail-probe satellite

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