The plasma sugar, free fatty acid, cortisol, and growth hormone response to insulin. I. In control subjects.

Circadian adrenal rhythm in diabetics

“…It has been shown that diabetic ketosis elicits an increased adrenocortical response [11,16], but sufficiently severe ketotic states are an uncommon phenomenon in the average diabetic life. Mild or clinically occult hypoglycaemia is not so uncommon and might involve increased adrenal activity consequent to ACTH release, although other authors have found in normal subjects that severe hypoglycaemia is necessary to activate the adrenal-pituitary system [2,4,8,17].…”

Interaction of Endogenous Growth Hormone, Cortisol, and Catecholamines with Blood Glucose in Children with Brittle Diabetes Mellitus

“…The hormonal responses to acute hypoglycemia observed in normal individuals (2,16,19,36,45) may not be the same as those of diabetic patients who have suffered repeated or prolonged episodes of hypoglycemia over many months or years. Most of the published cases of the Somogyi syndrome (5, 32,44, 50, 52), as well as our own cases 1-5 (8).…”

Peri‐operative steroid supplementation

“…The insulin tolerance test has been used as the reference standard for assessing the function of the HPA axis since its inception in the 1960s [68,69]. In this test, the intravenous administration of soluble insulin (0.10-0.15 U kg ¹1 ) to patients who have been fasted overnight results in a rapid (10-20 min) lowering of blood glucose concentration.…”