“…Furthermore, although countries appear to respond to international demands to implement the educational rights of children through a robust ECE curriculum, a major criticism is that programs are based too closely on Western ideologies, with policies driven and funded by the World Bank and related multinational agencies, disregarding the uniqueness of each individual country' s contexts (Biersteker, Ngaruiya, Sebatane, & Gudyanga, 2008;Garcia et al, 2008;Pence et al, 2004;Swadener, Wachira, Kabiru, & Njenga, 2008). The emphasis placed on the use of play in learning in ECE interventions in Africa has been questioned as reflecting a model directed by a Euro-American popular cultural narrative of "developmentally appropriate" practices (Samuelsson & Carlsson, 2008). As a result, a Western style of schooling continues to be the foundation of African children' s education, while African cultures including local indigenous knowledge are largely disregarded (Dyer, 2006;Krätli, 2000Krätli, , 2001Marfo & Biersteker, 2011;Nsamenang, 2008Nsamenang, , 2011aNsamenang, , 2011b.…”