The plea against annual influenza vaccination? ‘The Hoskins' Paradox’ revisited

Beyer, Walter; Bruijn, Iris A. de; Palache, Abraham; Westendorp, R.G.J.; Osterhaus, Albert D. M. E.

doi:10.1016/s0264-410x(98)00123-6

Cited by 29 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…However, other reports and the present study indicate that annually repeated vaccination induces poor HI antibody response compared with a single vaccination [Pyhala et al, 1994b;Keitel et al, 1997;de Bruijn et al, 1999]. Although Hoskins et al [1973] argued that annual vaccination conferred no protection against epidemic influenza in the long term, many recent field studies and large meta analyses have acknowledged the efficacy of annual influenza vaccination, especially in patents at high risk [Beyer et al, 1998[Beyer et al, , 1999Voordouw et al, 2004]. This discrepancy between the reduced antibody response and the epidemiological benefits of annual vaccination has not been sufficiently explained to present.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Antibody response to influenza vaccine in adults vaccinated with identical vaccine strains in consecutive years

Nabeshima

Kashiwagi

Murata

et al. 2007

Journal of Medical Virology

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Fifty seven hospital workers received influenza vaccine in November 2003, and the serum HI antibody titer was determined before, 2 and 4 weeks after the vaccination. Thirty seven were vaccinated in November, 2002 consecutively (the repeated vaccination group), and the remaining 20 had not been vaccinated in the previous year (the single vaccination group). Six of the repeated vaccination group received both influenza and hepatitis B vaccination in September, 2004 and the antibody responses were examined 2 weeks later. Two and four weeks after the 2003-vaccination, the HI antibody titers to A/H1N1, A/H3N2, and B in the repeated vaccination group were significantly lower than in the single vaccination group (P < 0.05). This phenomenon had no relation to the pre-vaccination HI antibody titer. The antibody response was low to repeated influenza vaccination, but normal to hepatitis B vaccine in six subjects who had a second vaccination in 2004, showing that this depressed response was influenza-specific. These results suggest that the decreased HI antibody response to repeated influenza vaccination was affected mainly by the previous vaccination per se rather than by the pre-existing antibody titer.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 47%

Antibody response to influenza vaccine in adults vaccinated with identical vaccine strains in consecutive years

Nabeshima

Kashiwagi

Murata

et al. 2007

Journal of Medical Virology

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“…Other studies that have investigated the response to annually repeated influenza vaccine have had conflicting results. Hoskins et al [9] reported a lower attack rate in boys vaccinated for the first time than in those previously vaccinated [9], but their conclusions have been refuted by others and cannot be substantiated by their own data [10,11]. Others have found individual postvaccination titers to be dependent on prevaccination titers and/or inversely on the status of previous vaccination [6,8,12].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influenza Revaccination of Elderly Travelers: Antibody Response to Single Influenza Vaccination and Revaccination at 12 Weeks

Buxton¹,

Skowronski²,

Ng³

et al. 2001

J INFECT DIS

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The antibody response to a single influenza vaccination and the effect of influenza revaccination was assessed in healthy elderly persons. Travelers > or =65 years old who had received influenza vaccine before travel were enrolled in the study and were offered a second vaccination after 12 weeks. Geographic and age-matched control subjects received a single vaccination. A second influenza vaccination was not associated with increased adverse effects. There was no significant difference between log(10) hemagglutinin-inhibiting (HI) antibody titers or an HI antibody titer > or =1:40 (considered to be protective) in 28 control subjects and 28 revaccinated travelers for any antigen. Probable protection for influenza A antigens remained high 24 weeks after a single immunization and revaccination (A/Sydney/05/97 [H3N2], 92% and 96%, and A/Beijing/262/95 [H1N1], 80% and 96%, respectively). Response to B/Harbin was less throughout the study. A/Sydney antibody titer was lower with more times vaccinated in the previous 5 years. Therefore, a second vaccine did not enhance the immune response.

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“…Influenza illness is caused by influenza virus types A and B, which undergo frequent mutations and reassortments in their antigenic surface proteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). The resultant antigenic drift necessitates the production of new influenza vaccines annually, whereas the possibility of a major antigenic shift poses the threat of pandemic influenza (5,16). Three major influenza epidemics occurred in the 20th century; there were approximately 40 million deaths in the 1918-1919 pandemic flu outbreak and about 1 million deaths each in the 1957 and 1968-1969 outbreaks (17,29).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Intranasal Immunization of Ferrets with Commercial Trivalent Influenza Vaccines Formulated in a Nanoemulsion-Based Adjuvant

Hamouda

Sutcliffe

Ciotti

et al. 2011

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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The plea against annual influenza vaccination? ‘The Hoskins' Paradox’ revisited

Cited by 29 publications

References 12 publications

Antibody response to influenza vaccine in adults vaccinated with identical vaccine strains in consecutive years

Antibody response to influenza vaccine in adults vaccinated with identical vaccine strains in consecutive years

Influenza Revaccination of Elderly Travelers: Antibody Response to Single Influenza Vaccination and Revaccination at 12 Weeks

Intranasal Immunization of Ferrets with Commercial Trivalent Influenza Vaccines Formulated in a Nanoemulsion-Based Adjuvant

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