The Polish lowland rivers valleys geological structure and its relationship with channel crossing conditions

Abstract

An important factor in ensuring the maneuvering freedom of land forces in lowland areas is the ability to overcome water obstacles, especially riverbeds. The complex genesis (polygenesis) of the river valley sections in the Polish Lowlands is the reason for the great diversity of their geological structure. Polygenesis also determines the specificity of the course of the evolution of the river system, which is driven by climate change and the growing human influence on the hydrological conditions of the catchment area. Since individual genetic sections differ like the processes within them, their specificity is also written in the relief of the valley bottom and the diversity of the land on its surface. The selection of appropriate places for crossing or forcing river beds may be based on identifying a specific set of land surface features, which can be carried out using aerial or satellite remote sensing methods.