The politics of rice production in Nigeria: The Abakaliki example, 1942-2020

Okonkwo, Uche Uwaezuoke; Ukaogo, Victor; Kenechukwu, Daniel; Nwanshindu, Vitalis; Okeagu, George

doi:10.1080/23311983.2021.1880680

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 1 publication

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“…In 2000, Nigeria was the largest country in Africa's rice trade. To reduce its dependence on rice imports, Nigeria implemented an import substitution policy, and the Buhari government proposed the "Anchor Borrowers' Program", which provided farmers with quality rice seeds and start-up capital to grow rice [39], aimed at increasing domestic rice production, which led to a reduction in the size of rice imports year by year. In 2015, Senegal and Côte d'Ivoire succeeded Nigeria as the core of the rice trade in Africa.…”

Section: Network Topologies Of the Global Rice Tradementioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Global Rice Trade Flows: Network Evolution and Implications

Chen,

Zhao

2023

Foods

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Rice holds a significant position as one of the world’s most important food crops, and international trade plays a crucial role in regulating rice supply and demand. Analyzing the structural evolution of the global rice trade from a network perspective is paramount for understanding the global rice-trade supply chain and ensuring global food security. This study utilizes international rice-trade data from 2000 to 2021 and employs various network analysis methods to depict the spatial and temporal patterns of the global rice trade, examines the network topologies of the global rice trade, and reveals the impacts of its evolution on food security. The research findings are as follows: (1) Global rice-trade scale has increased over time, indicating a relatively stable development with the gradual formation of complex rice-trade networks. Since 2000, the global rice-trade networks have shown increasing density characterized by Asia as the primary export source and Africa as an important import market. (2) Network analysis indicators demonstrate a growing trend in the size and density of the global rice-trade networks, along with increasingly optimized network structures and improved network connectivity efficiency. Core positions in the networks are occupied by Thailand, Vietnam, India, China, Pakistan, and the United States, while import partners in European and American countries, such as Germany, France, UK, Canada, The Netherlands, and Belgium, show greater diversification. Asia, Europe, and North America form agglomeration regions for rice-exporting countries. Additionally, importing and exporting countries in the global rice-trade networks exhibit certain geographical concentrations. (3) The network backbones of the global rice trade are continuously evolving and being refined, characterized by dominant large rice-exporting countries in Asia and prominent developed countries in Europe and North America. The backbone structures revolve around India as the core, Thailand and Pakistan as the second cores, and critical nodes represented by Italy, the United States, China, and Vietnam. Regional backbone networks have also formed in Asia and Europe. Based on these findings, this paper clarifies the complex network characteristics of the global rice trade and offers insights to promote international rice-trade cooperation and safeguard global food security.

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Section: Network Topologies Of the Global Rice Tradementioning

confidence: 99%

Understanding Global Rice Trade Flows: Network Evolution and Implications

Chen,

Zhao

2023

Foods

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“…The Abakaliki soil is a Savannah variety that is ideal for rice cultivation [28]. Rice may be cultivated profitably in Abakaliki without artificial irrigation because the annual rainfall is over 1500 mm, the ground is pretty level, and the soil is clayed.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Heavy Metals Contamination of Rice and Soil Samples in Nnatu St Azuuiyi Udene, Abakiliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria

Waribo

Ohakwe²,

Anyalebechi³

et al. 2023

JAMPS

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Aim: Assess the levels of heavy metals: arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn) in three different sites of the major rice growing soils and determine its accumulation in the rice grown on the same site in Nnatu St Azuuiyi Udene, Abakiliki, Ebonyi State. Study Design: Soil and rice samples were collected from three different farm locations into properly labeled plastic bags respectively using a 9mm soil Augerin Nnatu St AzuuiyiUdene, Abakiliki, Ebonyi State. Methodology: The collected samples were air-dried, ground, sieved and acid digested. The heavy metals in the samples were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometer PG instrument AA500 FPC model. Results: The Mean ± SD (mg/kg) of heavy metals in rice were; As: 0.0013, Cd: 0.001, Pb: 0.002, Zn: 0.3620. Cu: 0.001 in site 1 whereas in Site 2; As: 0.0013, Cd:0.001, Pb:0.002, Zn:0.5040, Cu:0. 001. In site 3, the metals in rice were; As: 0.0013, Cd: 0.001, Pb: 0.002, Zn: 0.1950, and Cu: 0.040 respectively. The levels in the soil samples in site 1 were; As: 0.0013, Cd: 0.001, Pb: 0.002, Zn: 1.932. Cu: 0. 0267. In site 2, As: 0.0013, Cd: 0.001, Pb: 0.002, Zn: 1.597, Cu: 0.1550 and in site 3. As: 0.0013, Cd: 0.001, Pb: 0.002, Zn: 3.383, Cu: 0.0730 respectively. The mean values for arsenic, cadmium and lead in the soil and rice samples, respectively, were not significantly different (P > 0.05) in the three different sites whereas, for copper and zinc, the mean values were significantly different (P < 0.05) from each other at the different spots with an elevated concentration of copper and zinc in the soil samples than in the rice samples. However, these values were far lower than the values indicated by the World Health Organization as hazardous. Conclusion: The rice samples grown in Nnatu St AzuuiyiUdene, Abakiliki is safe for consumption.

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“…Consequently, there is high demand from the increasing population of the country. Unfortunately, the indegenous production of local rice is not sufficient, subsequently, the importation of rice is inevitable [3], [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Development of an Energy-efficient Audio-based Repellent System for Rice Fields

Arowolo¹,

Fayose²,

Omowaye³

et al. 2022

IJETAE

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Bird infestation is one of the major limiting factors affecting the production of indigenous rice in Nigeria. Conventional audio-based systems used in repelling birds deteriorate in effectiveness, cause noise pollution and consume excess power. This research therefore, developed an energyefficient audio-based repellent system for rice fields incorporated with a convolutional neural network (CNN) model for bird detection. A CNN algorithm was developed using inception V3, built on transfer learning technique in google colab. The CNN model was trained with bird dataset of 275 bird species obtained from Kaggle database. The core of the system was the Raspberry pi 4, a low-powered microcomputer adopted to run the CNN model with information from a camera. The mechanical framework for the system was designed to support its sustainability in rice fields. The estimated coverage area was 42m2. The system used maximum power of 4.10W. The system supported multiple production of various sounds to prevent bird adaptability to fixed sounds, which could sustain its effectiveness. The incorporated camera aided in the detection of birds with consequent reduction in noise pollution inherent in conventional audio devices. The developed system used 53.52% of the average power reported for conventional audio systems. The developed audio-based repellent system is better in terms of bird detection, power consumption and less noise pollution. Further development on this system can be carried out with other detection algorithms which may require less power for processing. Keywords— Bird repellent system, convolutional neural network, audio repellent, rice field, energy-efficient

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The politics of rice production in Nigeria: The Abakaliki example, 1942-2020

Cited by 9 publications

References 1 publication

Understanding Global Rice Trade Flows: Network Evolution and Implications

Understanding Global Rice Trade Flows: Network Evolution and Implications

Heavy Metals Contamination of Rice and Soil Samples in Nnatu St Azuuiyi Udene, Abakiliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria

Design and Development of an Energy-efficient Audio-based Repellent System for Rice Fields

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