The pollen surface in wind-pollination with emphasis on the Compositae

Bolick, M. R.

doi:10.1007/978-3-7091-9079-1_4

Cited by 8 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Although a plethora of studies has been conducted on pollen morphology and ultrastructure from numerous angiosperm taxa, primarily from a systematic perspective, few works have directly addressed correlational queries regarding pollination biology. Ofthe investigations that have been undertaken, some report no apparent association between pollination syndrome and exine surface morphology/architecture (e.g., Taylor and Levin, 1975;Lee, 1978;Kress, 1986), while others have demonstrated a number of positive correlations (e.g., Hesse, 1981;Ferguson and Skvar1a, 1982;Grayum, 1986;Bolick, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollen Morphology and Ultrastructure of the Cabombaceae: Correlations with Pollination Biology

Osborn

Taylor

Schneider

1991

American Journal of Botany

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Of all species comprising the two genera of the Cabombaceae, only Brasenia schreberi J. F. Gme!. and Cabomba caroliniana Gray have been critically investigated with regard to their pollination biology. Brasenia schreberihas been shown to be anemophilous, while C. caro/iniana has an entomophilous (myophilous) pollination syndrome. In the present paper, a number of pollen and pollen-related characters, including pollen size, shape, quantity, terminal settling velocity, pollen-ovule ratios, and overall exine architecture of B. schreberi and C. caro/iniana are evaluated. Pollen from both species is elliptic, monosulcate, and has a tectate-columellate sporoderm with supratectal surface ornamentation. Grains of B. schreberi are small, produced in copious amounts, and settle relatively slowly. Flowers of this species have large pollen-ovule ratios. The exine of B. schreberi pollen is scabrate, relatively thin, has a uniformly thick sexine composed of a two-zoned (homogeneous/granular) tectum and distinct columellae, and a homogeneous nexine. Pollen of C. caro/iniana is relatively large, produced in small quantities, and has a rapid terminal settling velocity. Flowers exhibit small pollen-ovule ratios. Exine organization of C. caro/iniana pollen is typically two times thicker than that of B. schreberi; ornamentation is striate. Nonapertural sexine regions have a thick tectum and well-defined columellae, with both sexine components traversed by a dense system of channels. The nexine is relatively thin. All of the palynological characters examined correlate well with the anemophilous and entomophilous syndromes of B. schreberi and C. caro/iniana, respectively. Moreover, several other parameters of exine ultrastructure from each species exhibit positive correlations with the respective pollination mechanisms, including: tectum thickness, columellae diameter, tectum-nexine ratios, and the consistency, distribution, and total amount ofpollenkitt present. Overall exine ultrastructure is also discussed from a historical perspective as well as with respect to its phylogenetic significance.The Cabombaceae is a small dicotyledonous family consisting of two genera, Brasenia Schreb., a monotypic genus, and Cabomba Aubl., with six to seven species. The family is aquatic and characterized by such morphological features as submersed, rhizomatous stems; floating, long-petiolate, peltate leaves or submersed, short-petiolate, dissected leaves; longpedunculate, hypogynous flowers that are usually emergent, but may be submersed, with I

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollen Morphology and Ultrastructure of the Cabombaceae: Correlations with Pollination Biology

Osborn

Taylor

Schneider

1991

American Journal of Botany

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“…Thus, pollen size would not be involved in an energy trade-off for greater pollen production. Although the correlation between pollen size and mode of pollination (i.e., biotic or abiotic) is well known (Wodehouse 1935;Bolick 1990;Ackerman 1995), no other correlations have been detailed with the influences of pollination events on pollen size (Harder 1998). In contrast to these two reproductive processes, there are numerous works in which relationships between pollen size and post-pollination events are evident.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Asteraceae is one of the most derived plant families and, despite its manifest success on almost all terrestrial ecosystems, relatively little investigation of its sexual reproduction has been done (Lane 1996). Although some studies that analyse the functional significance of angiosperm pollen considered some Asteraceae species (Wodehouse 1935;Covas and Schnack 1945;Lee 1978;Blackmore 1982;Bolick 1978;1990;Kirk 1993;Torres 1998), no comparative investigation of pollen size and pistil length within the family has been made.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Pollen size evolution: correlation between pollen volume and pistil length in Asteraceae

Torres¹

2000

Sexual Plant Reproduction

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Based on the assumptions that pollen tube length is predetermined by provisions in the pollen and that it is a function of pistil length, I hypothesise that species with longer pistils will have larger pollen grains than species with shorter pistils, and that pistil length and pollen size will be positively correlated in a linear manner. To test this hypothesis, the relationship between pollen grain volume and pistil length was compared in 43 Asteraceae species from Argentina. A positive linear correlation was found between pollen volume and pistil length. This correlation remained significant even after potential effects of phylogenetic relatedness were removed. The maintenance of this correlation suggests that in Asteraceae the association between pistil length and pollen volume may reflect a functional rather than a phyletic relationship. In addition, the pistil length: pollen volume ratio (PPR) was analysed in relation to the phylogenetic position of the species. High values of PPR would imply a reduction of the male gametophyte in relation to the minimal volume that a pollen grain must have to grow and fertilise an ovule. Thus, the general pattern of pollen volume reduction in relation to pistil length previously found among many angiosperm families will be also present within a family, i.e., PPR values of derived Asteraceae would be higher than those of basal species. Results indicated that reduction of pollen volume in derived Asteraceae was three times greater than the concomitant shortening of pistil length. Consequently, PPR increased with the phylogenetic position of the taxa. This work supports the correlation between pistil and pollen characters previously found for other plant families and confirms the influence of post-pollination processes on pollen size evolution.

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“…Wind-dispersed pollen should be rather small, light, smooth and not sticky (lacking pollenkit) (Punt 1986 1935). The loss of ornamentation in anemophilous plants can be due to the energetic cost of sporopollenin Bolick (1990). One may speculate that, given enough time, grains of Passeriria may loose their reticulate sculpture and become psilate.…”

Section: Form and Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Palynology of the GenusPasserina(Thymelaeaceae): Relationships Form and Function

Bredenkamp

Wyk

1996

Grana

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The pollen surface in wind-pollination with emphasis on the Compositae

Cited by 8 publications

References 25 publications

Pollen Morphology and Ultrastructure of the Cabombaceae: Correlations with Pollination Biology

Pollen Morphology and Ultrastructure of the Cabombaceae: Correlations with Pollination Biology

Pollen size evolution: correlation between pollen volume and pistil length in Asteraceae

Palynology of the GenusPasserina(Thymelaeaceae): Relationships Form and Function

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