The polyamines in the central nervous system

Shaw, Graham G.

doi:10.1016/0006-2952(79)90261-2

Cited by 119 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…Several pieces of evidence suggest it is a strong candidate. Spermine is a normal cellular constituent, occurring widely in CNS white matter (Shaw, 1979). In Xenopus oocytes its intracellular concentration is -100-300 /M, although buffering by nucleic acids and ATP results in a free concentration of -8-80 /M (for references, see Lopatin et al 1994;Fakler et al 1995).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracellular spermine confers rectification on rat calcium‐permeable AMPA and kainate receptors.

Kamboj

Swanson

Cull-Candy

1995

The Journal of Physiology

348

306

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1. Whole‐cell recordings were made from cerebellar granule cells cultured in high‐K+ medium to induce expression of Ca(2+)‐permeable AMPA receptors. Current‐voltage (I‐V) plots of agonist‐evoked responses showed varying degrees of inward rectification, but became linear within 5‐10 min. 2. Recombinant Ca(2+)‐permeable kainate receptors, composed of GluR6(Q)/KA‐2 subunits, exhibited rectifying whole‐cell I‐V plots that became linear in outside‐out patches. 3. Loss of rectification in granule cells was prevented by including 100 microM spermine in the pipette; the degree of rectification was then correlated with Ca2+ permeability. 4. Spermine also prevented loss of rectification in patches containing GluR6(Q)/KA‐2 receptors (IC50, 1.7 microM). 5. We suggest that spermine, or a similar cellular constituent, may act as a cytoplasmic factor conferring inward rectification on Ca(2+)‐permeable non‐NMDA receptors, and that ‘washout’ of this factor underlies the observed loss of rectification.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intracellular spermine confers rectification on rat calcium‐permeable AMPA and kainate receptors.

Kamboj

Swanson

Cull-Candy

1995

The Journal of Physiology

348

306

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“…Free polyamines were found at high concentrations in nervous tissues (Shaw, 1979) and have been identified as endogenous modulators of glutamate receptors of both the NMDA (Williams et al, 1991) and AMPA/kainate type (e.g., Bowie and Mayer, 1995). Furthermore, spm and spd were found to act as gating molecules for inwardly rectifying K ϩ channels (Fakler et al, 1994;Ficker et al, 1994;Lopatin et al, 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Spermine/spermidine is expressed by retinal glial (müller) cells and controls distinct K ⁺ channels of their membrane

Biedermann

Skatchkov

Brunk

et al. 1998

Glia

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“…Investigations concerned with elaborating the functions of the polyamines in the central nervous system have recently been reviewed (Shaw, 1979a) and evidence is increasing that these compounds may serve an important role in the brain.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

THE SPONTANEOUS AND EVOKED RELEASE OF SPERMINE FROM RAT BRAIN in vitro

Harman

Shaw

1981

British J Pharmacology

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The efflux of previously accumulated [3H]‐spermine from brain slices was measured using a continuous perfusion system. The spontaneous efflux was biphasic, consisting of an initial rapid efflux followed by a much slower release. The slices were depolarized by the addition to the medium of high potassium concentrations, ouabain or veratrine. At concentrations greater than 30 mM, potassium evoked a striking increase in the release of [3H]‐spermine. Following uptake in the presence of 5.7 × 10−9M[3H]‐spermine, K+‐evoked release was dependent on the presence of calcium ions. Release of spermine after uptake at 5.6 × 10−8m or 5.0 × 10−7m was not calcium‐dependent. The calcium‐dependent, K+‐stimulated release of spermine was inhibited in the presence of diphenylhydantoin (5 × 10−3m) or ruthenium red (10−3 m). Following uptake of 5.7 × 10−9m [3H]‐spermine in a sodium‐free medium, the calcium‐dependent, K+‐stimulated release was significantly inhibited. Ouabain (10−4m) caused a large but calcium‐independent increase in the efflux of [3H]‐spermine. Veratrine‐induced release was less substantial but was increased in a calcium‐free medium. Release evoked by veratrine was abolished in the absence of sodium. These results are discussed with respect to a possible ‘neurotransmitter’ or ‘neuromodulator’ role for spermine.

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The polyamines in the central nervous system

Cited by 119 publications

References 62 publications

Intracellular spermine confers rectification on rat calcium‐permeable AMPA and kainate receptors.

Intracellular spermine confers rectification on rat calcium‐permeable AMPA and kainate receptors.

Spermine/spermidine is expressed by retinal glial (müller) cells and controls distinct K ⁺ channels of their membrane

THE SPONTANEOUS AND EVOKED RELEASE OF SPERMINE FROM RAT BRAIN in vitro

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The polyamines in the central nervous system

Cited by 119 publications

References 62 publications

Intracellular spermine confers rectification on rat calcium‐permeable AMPA and kainate receptors.

Intracellular spermine confers rectification on rat calcium‐permeable AMPA and kainate receptors.

Spermine/spermidine is expressed by retinal glial (müller) cells and controls distinct K + channels of their membrane

THE SPONTANEOUS AND EVOKED RELEASE OF SPERMINE FROM RAT BRAIN in vitro

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Product

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Spermine/spermidine is expressed by retinal glial (müller) cells and controls distinct K ⁺ channels of their membrane