The polyimide (PMDA-ODA) titanium interface. Part 2. XPS study of polyimide treatments and ageing

Effect of atmospheric-pressure plasma on adhesion characteristics of polyimide film

“…It is also found that the APP-treated PI films at high treatment power show less aging effect than PI-150. This result indicates that the films at high APP power probably have enough energy to form intermolecular bonds between the newly produced oxygen complex and the film surfaces [26].…”

Transparent fluorinate acrylic polyurethane with hydrophobicity obtained by crosslinking of hydroxyl-containing fluoroacrylate copolymer with HDI trimer

“…5, the typical peak of -CF 3 with binding energy of 293.6 eV (C 4 ) confirms the successful introduction of DFMA. Furthermore, the peaks with the binding energy of 285.0 eV (C 1 ), 286.9 eV (C 2 ) and 288.9 eV (C 3 ) can be attributed to C-C, COO [24] and NCOO(C-F) [25,26], respectively. The percentages of functional groups are listed in Table 3.…”

Environmental Aging and Deadhesion of Polyimide Dielectric Films

“…Deadhesion can result in impedance changes between transmission lines, as well as increased susceptibility to via fracture, corrosion, and conductive filament formation. Metal-polyimide interfacial strength exceeds that of the bulk polyimide when plasma pretreatment of polyimide is performed and barrier metallization is used, such that deadhesion occurs by crack propagation through the bulk of the polyimide dielectric in the near-interface region [17][18][19][20][21]23].…”

“…Deadhesion can result in impedance changes between transmission lines, as well as increased susceptibility to via fracture, corrosion, and conductive filament formation. Metal-polyimide interfacial strength exceeds that of the bulk polyimide when plasma pretreatment of polyimide is performed and barrier metallization is used, such that deadhesion occurs by crack propagation through the bulk of the polyimide dielectric in the near-interface region [17][18][19][20][21]23].Product failure can also occur due to the formation of cracks within bulk polyimide as the material becomes more brittle with aging. For example, cracks in polyimide wire insulation resulting from aging, through which electrical arcs could pass, have been blamed for the crashes of TWA flight 800 off Long Island in 1996, and Swissair flight 111 near Nova Scotia in 1998 [11].…”

“…Polyimide film becomes more rigid and brittle during aging, and breaks at lower stresses and ultimate elongations [5][6][7][8][9][10]. Aging of metallized polyimides decreases the peel strength of the metallization [16,[18][19][20][21].…”