Polymethacrylamide intercalated hectorite clay nanocomposites were synthesized by the in situ free-radical polymerization method. The interlayer cation of hectorite clay was modified with cetyl pyridinium chloride and cetrimide, and their effects on the rate of polymerization of methacrylamide and the structureproperty relationships of the resulting polymer nanocomposites were investigated. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed a peak around 550 cm À1 that was due to the metal oxide stretching of hectorite clay in the polymer nanocomposites. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy determined the size of polymethacrylamide as 300 nm. X-ray diffraction was used for the determination of the intercalated products.