The Porcine Acute Phase Response to Infection with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. Haptoglobin, C-Reactive Protein, Major Acute Phase Protein and Serum Amyloid A Protein Are Sensitive Indicators of Infection

Heegaard, Peter M. H.; Klausen, Joan; Nielsen, Jens Peter; González‐Ramón, Nieves; Piñeiro, Matilde; Lampreave, Fermı́n; Álava, María Á.

doi:10.1016/s0305-0491(97)00362-3

Cited by 180 publications

(153 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Some studies have found an association between elevated pig APP concentration and decreased weight gain (Eurell et al, 1992;Dritz et al, 1996;Clapperton et al, 2005). In this trial, a wide picture of the APP response was obtained, as the study included the main pig positive APP (Lampreave et al, 1994;Gonzá lez-Ramó n et al, 1995;Heegaard et al, 1998;Hulten et al, 2003) as well as the negative APP Apo A-I (Carpintero et al, 2005) and transthyretin (Campbell et al, 2005). Some differences were observed in the behaviour of the APP studied.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Pig acute-phase protein levels after stress induced by changes in the pattern of food administration

Piñeiro¹,

Piñeiro²,

Morales³

et al. 2007

Animal

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A total of 240 pigs, 74 days old, half boars and half females, were included in a trial designed to assess the effect of the stress caused by changes in the pattern of food administration on the concentration of acute phase proteins (APP) and productive performance parameters. Half of the animals (pigs fed ad libitum, AL group) had free access to feed, while the rest were fed following a disorderly pattern (DIS group), in which animals had alternating periods of free access to feed and periods of no feeding, when food was removed from the feeder. The periods of free access to feed (two daily periods of 2-h duration) were randomly assigned, and varied from day to day. Total feed supplied per day was identical in both groups, and exceeded the minimal amount required for animals of these ages. Pen feed intake, individual body weights and the main positive pig APP pig major acute phase protein (Pig-MAP), haptoglobin, serum amyloid A (SAA), C-reactive protein (CRP), and the negative APP apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) and transtherytin were determined every 2 weeks during the period 76 to 116 days of age. Animals fed ad libitum had better average daily gain (ADG) than DIS animals in the whole experimental period ( P , 0.01) but the differences in ADG were only produced in the two first experimental sub-periods (60 to 74 and 74 to 116 days of age), suggesting that the stress diminished when the animals get used to the DIS feeding. Interestingly differences in ADG between DIS and AL pigs were due to males, whereas no differences were observed between females. The same differences observed for ADG were found for APP. DIS males had higher Pig-MAP concentration than AL males at 74 and 116 days of age, lower ApoA-I concentration at 74 days of age and higher haptoglobin and CRP concentration at 116 days of age ( P , 0.05). The results obtained in this trial show an inverse relationship between weight gain and APP levels, and suggest that APP may be biomarkers for the evaluation of distress and welfare in pigs.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Pig acute-phase protein levels after stress induced by changes in the pattern of food administration

Piñeiro¹,

Piñeiro²,

Morales³

et al. 2007

Animal

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“…Significantly decreased protein levels of fetuin A and haptoglobin indicate the occurrence of constant hemolysis and inflammation even on day 20 post infection. Thus, haptoglobin plays a major role as hem binding reactant and its expression is known to increase during the acute phase of A. pleuropneumoniae infections [18]; the significantly decreased haptoglobin levels in chronic diseased animals on day 20 may refer to severe hemolytic processes [54]. Fetuin A inhibits the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1b, TNF-alpha, and NO by participation in macrophage deactivation as opsonin [12,51] and, thereby, participates in preventing excessive immune reactions detrimental to the host.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycoprotein analysis of porcine bronchoalveolar lavage fluid reveals potential biomarkers corresponding to resistance toActinobacillus pleuropneumoniaeinfection

D¹,

Buettner²,

Naim³

et al. 2009

Vet. Res.

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-Biomarkers facilitating both pathogen-independent diagnosis of respiratory health and breeding selection of pigs with increased resistance to respiratory tract infections would be of considerable interest to the pig industry. Following this concept we performed a comparative glycoproteome analysis of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from healthy pigs and pigs 4 days (acute) and 20 days (chronic) after an experimental infection with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. In order to identify possible differences in BALF glycoprotein patterns we investigated pigs of three different breeding lines (German Landrace, Piétrain, Hampshire). In total, 12 glycosylated proteins (alpha-1-acid glycoprotein, fetuin A, properdin, haptoglobin precursor, haptoglobin, hemoglobin, hyaluronidase, inter-alpha-trypsin inhibitor family heavy chain-related protein, alpha-1-antichymotrypsin 3, pulmonary surfactant-associated protein D (SP-D), transferrin, and alpha-1B-glycoprotein) were identified as being differentially expressed depending on the health status of the animal. Fetuin A levels were consistently low in chronically infected pigs thereby being a potential marker for chronic infection. Hyaluronidase levels were consistently high in all pigs after experimental infection independent on isolation of the pathogen thereby being a potential marker for previous pathogen contact and latent infection. High levels of fetuin A as well as low levels of haptoglobin and pulmonary SP-D correlated with the absence of lung lesions in pigs of the Hampshire breeding line, implying a potential application as selection markers for breeding programmes.porcine respiratory disease / glycoprotein analysis / bronchoalveolar lavage fluid / biomarker

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“…Research interest has been focussed on the study of pig APP response in experimental acute inflammation and bacterial infections, as well as in farm animal manipulations [7,18,21,28,31,39,42]. Although there have been studies about virus infections in pigs [2,11,35,38], little is known about the APP response elicited by these pathogens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Clinical use of APP determination has been proposed in veterinary medicine to determine the health status of farm animals in various production processes [14,28,39]. Increases in haptoglobin (Hp), C-reactive protein (CRP) and serum amyloid A in pigs with induced inflammation or bacterial infection have been reported [13,18,21]. In previous works carried out at our laboratory, a new 120 kDa plasma glycoprotein, which was denominated Pig Major Acute Phase protein (Pig-MAP), was identified as a relevant acute phase protein in animals under turpentine-induced inflammation [17,21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This protein was also referred to as PK-120 [26] or IHRP [36] being subsequently denominated ITIH4 (heavy chain 4 of the inter-alpha trypsin inhibitor family) [5]. Increases in the ITIH4 concentration under different physio-pathological situations have been reported in pigs [18,21,38], rats [10,17], bovines [30], humans [29,43] and mice [12]. In addition, we have previously reported that apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I), the major protein component of high density lipoprotein (HDL), shows prominent decreases during experimental bacterial infection and acute inflammation [7,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pig Major Acute-Phase Protein and apolipoprotein A-I responses correlate with the clinical course of experimentally induced African Swine Fever and Aujeszky's disease

et al. 2007

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-In the present work, we studied the acute phase protein response after experimental virus infection in pigs. The animals were experimentally infected with African Swine Fever (ASF) or Aujeszky's disease (AD) viruses. The clinical course of ASF infection correlated with increasingly high levels of pig Major Acute-phase Protein (pig-MAP) (mean value of 6 mg/mL on day 6 post infection (p.i.), from 6 to 9 times higher than day 0) and sharp apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I) decrease (mean value of 0.5 mg/mL, from 4 to 10 times lower than day 0 on day 4 p.i.). AD-clinical signs appeared at day 3 p.i., both in vaccinated (moderate clinical signs) and non-vaccinated pigs (severe outcome within 48 h p.i.). Pig-MAP and apo A-I profiles also followed clinical signs (changing from 0.70 mg/mL to around 3 mg/mL and from around 3 mg/mL to 0.96 mg/mL, respectively in non-vaccinated animals), with minor changes in concentration in the vaccinated group. Haptoglobin levels significantly increased in ASF and AD infected animals (mean maximum values of 2.77 and 3.96 mg/mL, respectively). Minor differences for the C-Reactive Protein in the case of ASF were observed, whereas its concentration increased more than 7 times in AD-infection. The albumin level was not modified in either case. The correlation of clinical signs to our data suggests the potential use of pig-MAP and apo A-I in monitoring infections in swine.

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The Porcine Acute Phase Response to Infection with Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae. Haptoglobin, C-Reactive Protein, Major Acute Phase Protein and Serum Amyloid A Protein Are Sensitive Indicators of Infection

Cited by 180 publications

References 25 publications

Pig acute-phase protein levels after stress induced by changes in the pattern of food administration

Pig acute-phase protein levels after stress induced by changes in the pattern of food administration

Glycoprotein analysis of porcine bronchoalveolar lavage fluid reveals potential biomarkers corresponding to resistance toActinobacillus pleuropneumoniaeinfection

Pig Major Acute-Phase Protein and apolipoprotein A-I responses correlate with the clinical course of experimentally induced African Swine Fever and Aujeszky's disease

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