The porcine mu opioid receptor: molecular cloning and mRNA distribution in lymphoid tissues

Pampusch, Mary S.; Osinski, Mark A.; Brown, David R.; Murtaugh, Michael P.

doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(98)00142-8

Cited by 23 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…1C) quantities. Alternatively, another reason for failing to identify MOR transcripts in other immune systems, especially in other lymphocytes, may be due to differences in species or cell sources (16).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphine Upregulates mu Opioid Receptors of Human and Monkey Lymphocytes

Suzuki

Miyagi

Chuang

et al. 2000

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphine Upregulates mu Opioid Receptors of Human and Monkey Lymphocytes

Suzuki

Miyagi

Chuang

et al. 2000

Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications

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“…Miller, B.K. Madras, direct GenBank deposit), pig (21), cow (22), guinea pig (S.A. Smith, J.T. Stupfel, N.A.…”

Section: Mop Receptormentioning

confidence: 99%

Opioid Receptors

Waldhoer

Bartlett

Whistler

2004

Annu. Rev. Biochem.

710

589

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Opioid receptors belong to the large superfamily of seven transmembrane-spanning (7TM) G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). As a class, GPCRs are of fundamental physiological importance mediating the actions of the majority of known neurotransmitters and hormones. Opioid receptors are particularly intriguing members of this receptor family. They are activated both by endogenously produced opioid peptides and by exogenously administered opiate compounds, some of which are not only among the most effective analgesics known but also highly addictive drugs of abuse. A fundamental question in addiction biology is why exogenous opioid drugs, such as morphine and heroin, have a high liability for inducing tolerance, dependence, and addiction. This review focuses on many aspects of opioid receptors with the aim of gaining a greater insight into mechanisms of opioid tolerance and dependence.

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“…The novel splice variant of the MOR supports the presence of morphinergic signaling in animals [Cadet, 2004]. However, accumulated data in the past decade have also strongly suggested the involvement of the MOR in immune responses, including innate and acquired immune responses [Pampusch et al, 1998;McCarthy et al, 2001;Suzuki et al, 2002Suzuki et al, , 2003Szabo et al, 2003;Royal et al, 2005]. To date, all studies indicate that the effects of morphine on the immune system are achieved through opioid receptors.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

The role of transcription factors Sp1 and YY1 in proximal promoter region in initiation of transcription of the mu opioid receptor gene in human lymphocytes

Liu

Wang

et al. 2007

J of Cellular Biochemistry

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Although previous studies have shown that the mechanism of the lymphocyte mu opioid receptor (MOR) gene expression was distinctly different from that in the central nervous system, and is involved in several disparate aspects of the immune response, its precise molecular mechanism is still undefined. In this study, we analyzed the proximal promoter region of the MOR gene in lymphocytes to identify the influences of potential trans-acting factors in activating the initiation of the expression of the MOR gene in lymphocytes. The electrophoretic mobility shift assay showed that two transcription factors, Sp1 and YY1, were able to bind the promoter region. Using sequence overlapping probes and mutation assays, we determined that the CCC sequence of Sp1 and the GGC sequence of YY1 binding elements were core sequences, and replacement of these sequences lead to substantial loss of promoter activity. Stimulation with morphine was capable of up-regulating the intracellular level of Sp1 and YY1 proteins. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that the blockage of naloxone is achieved through down-regulation of transcription factor YY1. Furthermore, coimmunoprecipitation and transfection assays confirmed that the functional interaction of Sp1 and YY1 transcription factors was a crucial step in the initiation of expression of the MOR in lymphocytes. Thus, we conclude that the cooperative interaction of Sp1 and YY1 transcription factors is the critical event triggering the initiation of transcription of the MOR gene in lymphocytes, and this finding will be helpful to understand the pharmacological effect of morphine on lymphocytes.

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The porcine mu opioid receptor: molecular cloning and mRNA distribution in lymphoid tissues

Cited by 23 publications

References 27 publications

Morphine Upregulates mu Opioid Receptors of Human and Monkey Lymphocytes

Morphine Upregulates mu Opioid Receptors of Human and Monkey Lymphocytes

Opioid Receptors

The role of transcription factors Sp1 and YY1 in proximal promoter region in initiation of transcription of the mu opioid receptor gene in human lymphocytes

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