The Position of Gas Hydrates in the Sedimentary Strata and in the Geological Structure of Lake Baikal

Khlystov, Oleg; Батист, М. Де; Minami, Hirotsugu; Hachikubo, Akihiro; Khabuev, Andrey V.; Kazakov, Andrey V.

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-81186-0_39

Cited by 8 publications

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“…Грязевой вулкан «Новосибирск» находится в центральной части Средней котловины озера на краю поднятого блока разлома Гидратный [Khlystov, 2019;Solovyeva et al, 2020;Khabuev et al, 2020;Vidishcheva et al, 2021]. К данному разлому приурочены еще пять гидратоносных структур [Khlystov et al, 2022;Seminsky et al, 2022], включая грязевые вулканы «Ухан», «Санкт-Петербург-2» и «Санкт-Петербург-3», открытый в 2022 г. (рис.…”

Section: результаты исследованийunclassified

“…В настоящее время на дне озера открыто 29 гидратоносных грязевых вулканов, их основное количество обнаружено в Средней котловине [Khlystov et al, 2022]. Морфология и строение некоторых из них частично рассмотрены в литературе, но требуют дополнительного анализа и нового понимания их эволюции в связи с открытием байкальского типа механизма образования грязевых вулканов на оз.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

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"Novosibirsk" Mud Volcano and Evidence of Its Activations (Lake Baikal)

Khlystov,

Khabuev

2024

Geodin. tektonofiz.

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An integrated study of mud volcanoes in the World Ocean is important for making assessment of potential geological-ecological disasters caused by rapid large-volume gas discharge into the water column and mud volcano eruptions at the bottom. The study of mud-volcanic activity in the past and determination of its periodicity are pioneering for the Baikal. The mud volcanoes and other hydrate-bearing structures are largely concentrated in the Middle Baikal basin along the tectonic faults. The most representative example of these phenomena is the "Gydratny" fault, four of six structures along which are mud volcanoes. An integrated geological-geophysical study (seismoacoustic and hydroacoustic sounding and geological sampling) of the "Novosibirsk" mud volcano, the largest and well-pronounced feature of the lake bottom relief, confirmed its structural identity with classical submarine mud volcanoes. The "Novosibirsk" mud volcano possesses all major elements of other single hydrate-bearing mud volcanoes of the lake which include volcanic cone in the bottom relief, vertical acoustically not transparent feeding channel, mud-volcanic breccia, gas saturation, and gas hydrates. This makes it one of the reference hydrate-bearing mud volcanic-type structures of Lake Baikal.The analysis of the bottom hydroacoustic profiling yielded evidence of the Late Pleistocene mud-volcanic eruptions shaped as two layers-flows at sub-bottom depths of 15 and 26 m (30 and 50 kyr ago, respectively). The presence of mud-volcanic breccia beneath the thin Holocene diatomic silt deposits testifies to the Holocene mud volcano activation due to the warm fluid rising from the depths to the volcano roots along the active segment of the tectonic fault in accordance with the model of the "Baikal-type" mud volcanism. Using the "Novosibirsk" mud volcano and the "Gydratny" fault as an example, it can be shown that the past tectonic activity of the Baikal basin may be determined based on the knowledge of the structure and evolution of the mud volcanoes of the lake.

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Section: результаты исследованийunclassified

Section: Introductionunclassified

"Novosibirsk" Mud Volcano and Evidence of Its Activations (Lake Baikal)

Khlystov,

Khabuev

2024

Geodin. tektonofiz.

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Characteristics and varieties of gases enclathrated in natural gas hydrates retrieved at Lake Baikal

Hachikubo

Minami

Sakagami

et al. 2023

Sci Rep

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Molecular and stable isotope compositions of hydrate-bound gases collected from 59 hydrate-bearing sites between 2005 to 2019 in the southern and central sub-basins of Lake Baikal are reported. The δ2H of the hydrate-bound methane is distributed between − 310‰ and − 270‰, approximately 120‰ lower than its value in the marine environment, due to the difference in δ2H between the lake water and seawater. Hydrate-bound gases originate from microbial (primary and secondary), thermogenic, and mixed gas sources. Gas hydrates with microbial ethane (δ13C: − 60‰, δ2H: between − 310‰ and − 250‰) were retrieved at approximately one-third of the total sites, and their stable isotope compositions were lower than those of thermogenic ethane (δ13C: − 25‰, δ2H: − 210‰). The low δ2H of ethane, which has rarely been reported, suggests for the first time that lake water with low hydrogen isotope ratios affects the formation process of microbial ethane as well as methane. Structure II hydrates containing enclathrated methane and ethane were collected from eight sites. In thermogenic gas, hydrocarbons heavier than ethane are biodegraded, resulting in a unique system of mixed methane-ethane gases. The decomposition and recrystallization of the hydrates that enclathrate methane and ethane resulted in the formation of structure II hydrates due to the enrichment of ethane.

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