The positive displacement method for calibration of gas flow meters. The influence of gas compressibility

Pinho, Carlos

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.12.012

Cited by 11 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Experimental Test Rig. A constant volume test rig was considered as the best option for fundamental research as it combined good optical access, large observation areas and good control of scavenging compared to research engines [8,9]. A chamber, 88 mm high and 74 mm wide, was designed and built to allow for optical analysis of both the jets and wall impingement.…”

Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, gas jet characteristics at injection pressures 50 bar to 80 bar in a bomb was visualized and analyzed using planar the laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) technique by [5]. While other studies were carried out using the Schlieren technique to visualize natural gas in chambers [7,8]. However, high injection pressures of the gas require high performance injectors and are associated with high energy consumption in the production of such high pressures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spray Characteristics of Diesel-CNG Dual Fuel Jet Using Schlieren Imaging Technique

Ismael

Heikal

Baharoom

2014

AMM

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Natural gas is a low cost fuel with high availability in nature. However, it cannot be used by itself in conventional diesel engines due to its low flame speed and high ignition temperature. The addition of a secondary fuel to enhance the mixture formation and combustion process facilitate its wider use as an alternative fuel. An experimental study was performed to investigate the diesel-CNG dual fuel jet characteristics such as: jet tip penetration, jet cone angle and jet tip velocity. A constant-volume optical chamber was designed to facilitate maximum optical access for the study of the jet macroscopic characteristics at different injection pressures and temperatures. The bottom plate of the test rig was made of aluminum (piston material) and it was heated up to 500 K at ambient pressure. An injector driver was used to control the single-hole nozzle diesel injector combined with a natural gas injector. The injection timing of both injectors were synchronized with a camera trigger. Macroscopic properties of diesel and diesel-CNG dual fuel jets were recorded with a high speed camera using the Schlieren imaging technique and associated image processing. Measurements of the jet characteristics of diesel and diesel-CNG dual fuel are compared together under evaporative and non-evaporative conditions as well as different injection pressures are presented in this paper.

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Section: Experimental Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spray Characteristics of Diesel-CNG Dual Fuel Jet Using Schlieren Imaging Technique

Ismael

Heikal

Baharoom

2014

AMM

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“…The papers [8,14] provided a detailed description of the calibration of manometric flow meters by means of the stationary method. The present article discusses the calibration of a capillary flow meter by means of the transient method.…”

Section: Determination Of Calibration Coefficientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most widespread and, at the same time, the easiest method of calibrating manometric gas flow meters is the stationary method [8,14]. It involves measuring the volume of gas flowing through a measuring element by means of a measuring burette, out of which a liquid is pushed out by the gas (figure 1).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Calibrating capillary gas flow meters by means of the transient method

Kudasik¹

2019

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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The present article discusses the transient method of calibrating capillary gas flow meters which involves the application of a type of manometric flow meters, which measure the release of a substance by registering changes in the differential pressure on a measuring element. The measurement methodology presented in the article is but a concept proposing actions and calculations aimed at determining the calibration coefficient of a section of a measurement capillary in an outstandingly simple manner. This method is dedicated to capillary flow meters with very small gas flow rates. Calibrating flow meters by means of the transient method involves registering changes in the differential pressure on both ends of a capillary tube while gas flows out of a measuring burette, through a calibrated capillary tube, to be released into the atmosphere. On the basis of a combination of the Hagen–Poiseuille equation and the ideal gas law, a relationship describing the phenomenon of a gas flow through a capillary tube was formulated, which, in turn, served as a basis for determining the calibration coefficients of the two capillary sections measuring 10 cm and 40 cm, with an internal radius of 0.015 cm. The calibration processes of both capillary sections were conducted for 21 different temperature values, using methane. The obtained values of calibration coefficients were juxtaposed with their model values obtained via calculation. The relative differences between the calibration-obtained values and model values did not exceed 7.65% and 4.83% in the case of the 10 cm capillary tube and the 40 cm capillary tube, respectively.

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“…Se requiere un patrón de flujo con trazabilidad a patrones nacionales para poder validar dicha calibración. En estas calibraciones existe una influencia importante del factor de compresibilidad del gas utilizado (Pinho, 2012). El mismo principio puede ser aplicado a medición de líquidos, con las consideraciones apropiadas (Baker RC, 1985).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Una nueva propuesta para realizar la calibración de un medidor de desplazamiento positivo implementando un circuito doblador de frecuencia

Vera¹,

Martín²,

Corona³

2022

S. F. J. of Dev.

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El presente trabajo propone combinar un medidor de desplazamiento positivo con un multiplicador de frecuencia para reducir el tiempo necesario al realizar una calibración en campo. Los medidores de desplazamiento positivo son los únicos medidores de contacto directo con el fluido y esta es una de las razones de su popularidad. Para realizar una calibración utilizando dispositivos patrón con salida a pulsos, la norma API 4 indica que se deben tener al menos una lectura de 10000 pulsos. Algunos medidores de desplazamiento positivo poseen un factor de conversión muy alto, lo que provoca que el número de pulsos generados para flujos pequeños sea muy bajo, dando como resultado tiempos muy extensos en las repeticiones de calibración. Utilizando un doblador de pulsos, el tiempo requerido para una repetición en una calibración es reducido a la mitad.

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The positive displacement method for calibration of gas flow meters. The influence of gas compressibility

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

Spray Characteristics of Diesel-CNG Dual Fuel Jet Using Schlieren Imaging Technique

Spray Characteristics of Diesel-CNG Dual Fuel Jet Using Schlieren Imaging Technique

Calibrating capillary gas flow meters by means of the transient method

Una nueva propuesta para realizar la calibración de un medidor de desplazamiento positivo implementando un circuito doblador de frecuencia

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