The possibilities for the rational pharmacotherapy of adenoiditis in the children

Карпова, Е. П.; Kharina, D.V.

doi:10.17116/otorino201681573-76

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Biofilms are a layer of polysaccharide matrix and proteins, with the ability to adhere to surface tissues [ 6 ]. It can contribute to antibiotic resistance and its presence correlates with the presence of OME [ 7 ]. Candida species, an opportunistic pathogen typically affecting immunocompromised patients, can similarly infect the pharynx.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful Antiviral Treatment for Chronic Adenoiditis Caused by Herpes Virus in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report

Kong,

Jean-Louis,

Lamont

2024

Am J Case Rep

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Patient: Female, 5-year-old Final Diagnosis: Chronic adenoiditis Symptoms: Hearing impairment • sleep disturbance • snoring Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Otolaryngology Objective: Unknown etiology Background: The adenoids are lymphatic tissue located in the nasopharynx and play a role in upper-airway immunity. Inflammation of the adenoids is called adenoiditis, which can cause a variety of symptoms. This is a common condition and is due to acute viral or bacterial infection. Most patients experience mild symptoms of upper-respiratory tract infection with a self-limiting course. Case Report: A 5-year-old female patient was brought into the clinic by her parents with concerns regarding hearing and sleep. Clinical assessment was consistent with persistent otitis media with effusion and sleep-disordered breathing. She was scheduled for surgery, including nasendoscopy, adenoidectomy, and bilateral grommet insertion. During surgery, direct visualization of the postnasal space showed complete obstruction by hypertrophic, inflamed adenoids covered in a thick, white film. A biopsy was taken, which detected herpes virus cytopathic effect. A diagnostic workup excluded a neoplastic process and other bacterial or fungal infections. A trial of oral antiviral medication was successful and follow-up nasendoscopy showed resolution of adenoid hypertrophy. Conclusions: Direct visualization of the postnasal space, with a transoral mirror or 120-degree endoscope, prior to adenoidectomy can aid diagnosis. Adenoiditis may be caused by a wide range of organisms, including herpes virus. Active mucopurulent discharge should raise concern for infection by bacteria, fungi, or virus. Previous research on viral infection of the adenoids have been in asymptomatic patients with presumed latent infection and undergoing elective adenoidectomy. To our knowledge, this is the first paper to report on successful treatment with antiviral medication alone.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Successful Antiviral Treatment for Chronic Adenoiditis Caused by Herpes Virus in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report

Kong,

Jean-Louis,

Lamont

2024

Am J Case Rep

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“…It presents most frequently with the following symptoms: high fever, severe nasal obstruction, mouth breathing, and yellow snot dripping from the posterior pharyngeal wall. In particular, nasal obstruction in infants can lead to dystithia, increased neutrophils, high C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in the peripheral blood, and enlarged adenoids on the lateral image of the pharynx [4,5].…”

Section: Acute Adenoiditismentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Approaches in Chronic Adenoiditis

Giourgos¹,

Luchena²,

Bovi³

2023

Tonsils and Adenoids

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Adenoid tissue diseases (acute adenoiditis, adenoid hypertrophy and chronic adenoiditis) typically occur in the childhood. Adenoid hypertrophy seems to be related to many factors, such as infections, passive smoking, low vitamin D levels, while the role of allergy still remains controversial. Chronic adenoiditis incidence has increased in recent years, as a result of higher rates of upper airway infections and biofilm formation, with multiple potential clinical complications. Diagnosis is typically clinical, with physical examination and nasal endoscopy. The treatment can be medical or surgical. Non-surgical treatment of chronic adenoiditis with intranasal steroids and leukotriene inhibitors have proven to be effective, reducing the size of the adenoid tissue and symptoms. On the other hand adenoidectomy is one of the commonest ENT surgical procedures with excellent outcomes and rare adverse events. Curettage adenoidectomy is widely used by many ENT surgeon, but presents risk of residual adenoidal tissue, especially in peritubaric and superior nasopharynx regions. In the last years different surgical techniques have been proposed to reduce surgical risk and morbidity, such as electrocautery adenoidectomy, microdebrider adenoidectomy and coblation adenoidectomy. Intranasal or transoral endoscopes enabled a great control of surgical field and a complete removal of adenoid tissue.

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“…Nasal obstruction in infants can lead to dystithia, increased neutrophils, high C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in the peripheral blood, and enlarged adenoids on the lateral image of the pharynx. 2 , 3 Because the adenoids are located behind the nose and cannot be directly observed through the mouth, misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis are relatively common in clinical practice. Nasal endoscopy has important value in diagnosing acute adenoiditis.…”

Section: Diseases Of Adenoidsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…28 Anti-bacterial treatment Karpova et al found that systemic or local anti-bacterial treatments are effective for chronic adenoiditis induced by bacterial infection and that some patients benefited from these treatments. 3 Nesterova et al 29 divided 170 patients with chronic adenoiditis into three groups who were administered low-frequency ultrasound for nasopharyngeal disinfection, oral amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, or oral broncho-vaxom for treatment. The findings showed that the effectiveness of oral broncho-vaxom was higher than that of the other two treatments.…”

Section: Adenoidectomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chronic adenoiditis

Wang

2020

J Int Med Res

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In addition to acute adenoiditis and adenoid hypertrophy/vegetation, chronic adenoiditis is another disease of the adenoids. However, most physicians overlook chronic adenoiditis or confuse it with adenoid hypertrophy/vegetation. The incidence of chronic adenoiditis has increased in recent years as a result of higher rates of chronic nasopharyngeal or upper airway infections. The clinical characteristics of chronic adenoiditis can include but are not restricted to the following: long-term infection (especially bacterial infection); obstruction of the upper airway; infections of adjacent regions, such as the nose, nasal sinus, pharyngeal space, middle ear, and atlantoaxial joint; induced upper airway cough syndrome; and the presence of several “infectious-immune” diseases, including rheumatic fever, autoimmune nephropathy, and anaphylactoid purpura. To date, no consensus on the treatment of chronic adenoiditis is available. However, adenoidectomy can address the local obstruction, and some patients benefit from systemic or local anti-bacterial therapy. Physicians in the Departments of Otolaryngology, Respiration, and Pediatrics should be familiar with the clinical manifestations of chronic adenoiditis and try to develop effective treatment methods for this disease.

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The possibilities for the rational pharmacotherapy of adenoiditis in the children

Cited by 10 publications

References 16 publications

Successful Antiviral Treatment for Chronic Adenoiditis Caused by Herpes Virus in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report

Successful Antiviral Treatment for Chronic Adenoiditis Caused by Herpes Virus in a Pediatric Patient: A Case Report

Therapeutic Approaches in Chronic Adenoiditis

Chronic adenoiditis

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