The Possibility of Compensating Astronomical Seeing

Babcock, Horace W.

doi:10.1086/126606

Cited by 624 publications

(270 citation statements)

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“…Adaptive optics in astronomy dynamically compensates for the wavefront error caused by atmospheric turbulences, 2,3 and, recently, it has been applied to compensate for aberrations of the human eye 4,5 and may be used to obtain higher resolution retinal images. [6][7][8][9] An adaptive optical instrument requires a device for measuring aberrations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of laser ray-tracing and skiascopic ocular wavefront-sensing devices

Bartsch

Bessho

Gomez

et al. 2007

Eye

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Purpose To compare two wavefront-sensing devices based on different principles. Methods Thirty-eight healthy eyes of 19 patients were measured five times in the reproducibility study. Twenty eyes of 10 patients were measured in the comparison study. The Tracey Visual Function Analyzer (VFA), based on the ray-tracing principle and the Nidek optical pathway difference (OPD)-Scan, based on the dynamic skiascopy principle were compared. Standard deviation (SD) of root mean square (RMS) errors was compared to verify the reproducibility. We evaluated RMS errors, Zernike terms and conventional refractive indexes (Sph, Cyl, Ax, and spherical equivalent). Results In RMS errors reading, both devices showed similar ratios of SD to the mean measurement value (VFA: 57.5711.7%, OPD-Scan: 53.9710.9%). Comparison on the same eye showed that almost all terms were significantly greater using the VFA than using the OPD-Scan. However, certain high spatial frequency aberrations (tetrafoil, pentafoil, and hexafoil) were consistently measured near zero with the OPD-Scan. Conclusion Both devices showed similar level of reproducibility; however, there was considerable difference in the wavefront reading between machines when measuring the same eye. Differences in the number of sample points, centration, and measurement algorithms between the two instruments may explain our results.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of laser ray-tracing and skiascopic ocular wavefront-sensing devices

Bartsch

Bessho

Gomez

et al. 2007

Eye

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“…The concept of compensating astronomical seeing was first proposed by Babcock in 1953 [10]. Military research further developped the concept, and the first prototype for astronomical observations, called COME-ON was installed in 1989 at the ESO/La Silla Observatory [11].…”

Section: From Pioneering Adaptive Optics Experiments To Extreme Adaptmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adaptive Optics in High-Contrast Imaging

Milli¹,

Mawet²,

Mouillet³

et al. 2016

Astronomy at High Angular Resolution

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The development of adaptive optics (AO) played a major role in modern astronomy over the last three decades. By compensating for the atmospheric turbulence, these systems enable to reach the diffraction limit on large telescopes. In this review, we will focus on high contrast applications of adaptive optics, namely, imaging the close vicinity of bright stellar objects and revealing regions otherwise hidden within the turbulent halo of the atmosphere to look for objects with a contrast ratio lower than 10 −4 with respect to the central star. Such high-contrast AO-corrected observations have led to fundamental results in our current understanding of planetary formation and evolution as well as stellar evolution. AO systems equipped three generations of instruments, from the first pioneering experiments in the nineties, to the first wave of instruments on 8m-class telescopes in the years 2000, and finally to the extreme AO systems that have recently started operations. Along with highcontrast techniques, AO enables to reveal the circumstellar environment: massive protoplanetary disks featuring spiral arms, gaps or other asymetries hinting at ongoing planet formation, young giant planets shining in thermal emission, or tenuous debris disks and micron-sized dust leftover from collisions in massive asteroid-belt analogs. After introducing the science case and technical requirements, we will review the architecture of standard and extreme AO systems, before presenting a few selected science highlights obtained with recent AO instruments.

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“…There are many possible solutions in order to improve the image quality at the focal plane of the telescope. Those are space telescopes, speckle interferometry [2] and adaptive optics [3]. Depending up on the performance and cost of the technique, one can choose the best suitable method to minimize atmospheric effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These methods require short-exposure images and are not suited for very faint objects. Alternative to above, Babcock [3] suggested a solution with one technique to correct those dynamic distorted wave-fronts called "Adaptive Optics "(AO). It basically consists of wavefront sensor, Deformable mirror and control hardware.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on atmospheric turbulence with Shearing Interferometer wavefront sensor

Ismail¹

2015

IJIRSET

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When a light beam propagates through the turbulent atmosphere, the wavefront of the beam is distorted, which affect the image quality of ground based telescopes. Adaptive optics is a means for real time compensation of the wavefront distortions. In an adaptive optics system, wavefront distortions are measured by a wavefront sensor, and then using an active optical element such as a deformable mirror the instantaneous wavefront distortions are corrected. In this paper, the physical background of imaging through turbulence, using Kolmogorov statistics, and the Polarization Shearing Interferometry techniques to sense and to correct the wavefront aberrations with adaptive optics have been discussed. Simulations of the interferometric records were carried out using Matlab for the study of aberrations in an optical system and the effect of the atmospheric turbulence in the interferograms. The data was reduced from the interferogram using Fourier Transform Technique and the wavefront was reconstructed from the wavefront slope data.

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The Possibility of Compensating Astronomical Seeing

Cited by 624 publications

References 0 publications

Comparison of laser ray-tracing and skiascopic ocular wavefront-sensing devices

Comparison of laser ray-tracing and skiascopic ocular wavefront-sensing devices

Adaptive Optics in High-Contrast Imaging

A Study on atmospheric turbulence with Shearing Interferometer wavefront sensor

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