The Possibility of Reorganising Transit-oriented Development

Abstract

There has been much discussion about the shift to compact cities in the last decade. Transit-oriented development (TOD) has been introduced in many countries to promote compact cities. However, low density occurs with heterogeneous and random spatial patterns. It impedes the creation of peoplefriendly, sustainable cities, making it challenging to attract the investments necessary to create a compact city's core. This phenomenon is a serious issue during periods of population decline. Therefore, this paper clarifies the occurrence pattern of low-density districts around railway stations and their related spatial characteristics to understand better how to reorganize transitoriented urban structures in a society with a declining population. We have observed the population demographic and household demographic change beside railway lines of the Keihanshin conurbation within the Kyoto-Osaka-Kobe metropolitan region, the second-largest urban area in Japan. Our research questions are "Do low-density populations exist in railway station areas?", and "If yes, are they concentrated at a particular point or dispersed?" The results of our research are as follows; 1. Some railway stations are experiencing low density growth in their surrounding areas. 2. Thirteen patterns of low-density appearance in the station sphere are observed. 3. Stations with low densification disperse, but at a relatively lower ratio in the inter-urban area. 4. There are three primary routes for low density progression. These results will be helpful in future urban planning, including site optimization, and can help attract facilities and mutual support between regions.

Transit-Oriented Development and Sustainable Cities: A Visual Analysis of the Literature Based on CiteSpace and VOSviewer

“…The development of land near train stations has a tremendous impact on reducing travel distances and improving transportation options [31]. Japan is facing difficulties regarding an aging society and population decline; scholars have also combined TOD with compact cities to clarify how TOD can be restructured in places with a low-density population distribution [32,33]. However, in some developing countries, where urban populations are still growing, TOD is seen as a strategy to guide the development of megacities, avoid the use of vehicles, reduce travel distances, and promote environmentally friendly public transportation [34,35].…”

Research on Traffic Congestion Management in Xian City Based on Transit-Oriented Development

“…Large-capacity public transit plays a key role in Toyama City, as it can help the city achieve efficient and equitable access and support a dense and compact development pattern. In addition, by conducting higher-density development near transfer stations, the city can maximize the gathering of people and businesses and industries, thereby activating the city [4]. Through the TOD-oriented approach, Toyama City has achieved great success in urban development policies and has even become a model of compact cities worldwide.…”