The possible neuroprotective role of grape seed extract on the histopathological changes of the cerebellar cortex of rats prenatally exposed to Valproic Acid: animal model of autism

Arafat, Eetmad A.; Shabaan, Dalia A.

doi:10.1016/j.acthis.2019.08.002

Cited by 27 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…VPA-induced oxidative stress was previously documented by [ 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 ]. VPA stimulates intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) with the activation of redox-sensitive transcription factors that inhibit antioxidant response element-driven gene expression [ 14 , 43 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Protective Role of Prenatal Alpha Lipoic Acid Supplementation against Pancreatic Oxidative Damage in Offspring of Valproic Acid-Treated Rats: Histological and Molecular Study

Ghoneim

Alrefai

Elsamanoudy

et al. 2020

Biology

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Background: Sodium valproate (VPA) is an antiepileptic drug (AED) licensed for epilepsy and used during pregnancy in various indications. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) is a natural compound inducing endogenous antioxidant production. Our study aimed to investigate the effect of prenatal administration of VPA on the pancreas of rat offspring and assess the potential protective role of ALA co-administration during pregnancy. Methods: Twenty-eight pregnant female albino rats were divided into four groups: group I (negative control), group II (positive control, ALA treated), group III (VPA-treated), and group IV (VPA-ALA-treated). The pancreases of the rat offspring were removed at the fourth week postpartum and prepared for histological, immune-histochemical, morphometric, molecular, and oxidative stress marker studies. Results: In group III, there were pyknotic nuclei, vacuolated cytoplasm with ballooning of acinar, α, and β cells of the pancreas. Ultrastructural degeneration of cytoplasmic organelles was detected. Additionally, there was a significant increase in oxidative stress, a decrease in insulin-positive cell percentage, and an increase in glucagon positive cells in comparison to control groups. Moreover, VPA increased the gene expression of an apoptotic marker, caspase-3, with a decrease in anti-apoptotic Bcl2 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) transcriptional factor. Conversely, ALA improved oxidative stress and apoptosis in group VI, and a consequent improvement of the histological and ultrastructure picture was detected. Conclusion: ALA co-administration with VPA significantly improved the oxidative stress condition, histological and morphometric picture of the pancreas, and restored normal expression of related genes, including Nrf2, caspase-3, and Bcl-2. Administration of α-lipoic acid has a protective effect against VPA-induced pancreatic oxidative damage via its cytoprotective antioxidant effect.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

The Protective Role of Prenatal Alpha Lipoic Acid Supplementation against Pancreatic Oxidative Damage in Offspring of Valproic Acid-Treated Rats: Histological and Molecular Study

Ghoneim

Alrefai

Elsamanoudy

et al. 2020

Biology

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“…ASD affects roughly 20 out of every 10,000 children, and early symptoms of the illness can be detected in children as young as 1 to 3 years old [ 2 ]. Additionally, autistic people suffer from mental retardation and epilepsy [ 3 ]. The causes of autism are unknown, but multiple factors lead to its development, such as genetic aberrations, environmental insults and social influences [ 4 , 5 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…VPA is a drug widely used in the treatment of various neurological disorders, such as epilepsy and resistant depression, for migraine prophylaxis, and as an antiepileptic and mood-stabilising agent [ 3 ]. VPA-induced animal models are widely used by researchers worldwide for the investigation of autism, because of its property of effecting abnormality in the neurodevelopment of the cerebellum and other areas of the brain, with disturbances in synaptic integration [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Sex Differences in Animal Models of Sodium-Valproate-Induced Autism in Postnatal BALB/c Mice: Whole-Brain Histoarchitecture and 5-HT2A Receptor Biomarker Evidence

Gouda

Sinha

Chalamaiah

et al. 2022

Biology

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is characterised by problems with social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication and repetitive behaviour. In mice, the 14th postnatal day is believed to correspond to the third trimester of human embryonic development and is considered a vital period for central nervous system development. It has been shown that ASD affects 2 to 3 times more male than female individuals. In the present study, ASD was induced in 14 postnatal day (PND) BALB/c mice using valproic acid (VPA). VPA administration brought about substantial differences in the histoarchitecture of the brain in both male and female mice, linked to behavioural deficits. We observed that both male and female mice showed similar morphological changes in the prefrontal cortex, hippocampus and Purkinje cells. We also observed hair loss from PND 17 to 25, which was again similar between male and female mice. However, there were higher rates of change in the cerebral cortex, frontal cortex and temporal lobe and hippocampus in VPA-treated male animals. With respect to the cerebellum, we did not observe any alterations by haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, but detailed morphological observation using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed a higher rate of phenotype changes in VPA-treated male animals. Moreover, 5-HT2A receptor protein levels were upregulated in the cerebral cortex, hippocampus and Purkinje cells in VPA-treated male mice compared with control animals and VPA-treated female mice, as shown by immunohistochemical analysis. Based on all these findings, we conclude that male animals are more susceptible to VPA-induced ASD than females.

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“…GSE revealed significant improvement in the oxidative stress markers and then the histological and morphometric picture of the cerebellum. GSE has a neuroprotective effect on the cerebellum of VPA treated rats through its potent antioxidant effect [49]. MSG decreased testosterone hormone levels and elevated oxidative stress markers [50].…”

Section: X Hande)mentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of Grape Seed Extract in Minimizing the Harmful Effects of Monosodium Glutamate on the Chicken Embryonic Retina to Show Scientific Miracles In the Holy Quran

Gamdi

Harbi

2020

JPRI

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In 1969, a Canadian laboratory announced that its studies on synthetic alkaline (cyclamate) proved to be a carcinogen despite its use for more than twenty years in the beverage industry. There are many additives that have raised the controversy about the large extent of safety to consumers and the most famous controversy and consumption is the article of monosodium glutamate (MSG) which touched research on the negative impact on samples of research experiments. This research aims to study the effect (MSG) on the formation of retina in chicken embryos and the potential improvement effects of GSE grape seed extracts during incubation as part of the solutions provided in the event of the long term use of MSG and its accumulation in the body Human. The experimental groups were divided into 4 groups based on the injection period and the injected substances. The first control group(Injected with saline), the second group, treated with MSG, the 3rd group were treated with Monosoudim glutamate and grape seed extract at days 0,1 of incubation, whereas the 4thgroup,was treated with MSG and then the GSE (M – G) were given at3,4 days post MSG . The effect of the experimental materials on the development of the retina at the age of 14 was investigated in the current work. The results showed that the treatment of embryos with MSG dose (0.1 ml) caused many of the abnormalities at the level of tissue formation of the retina, and after the treatment of the fetus with GSE was noted to reduce the damage to the tissue of the retina. The results showed that the treatment of embryos with MSG dose (0.1 ml) caused many of the abnormalities at the level of tissue form of the retina, and after the treatment of the fetus with GSE was noted to reduce the damage to the tissue of the retina.

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The possible neuroprotective role of grape seed extract on the histopathological changes of the cerebellar cortex of rats prenatally exposed to Valproic Acid: animal model of autism

Cited by 27 publications

References 43 publications

The Protective Role of Prenatal Alpha Lipoic Acid Supplementation against Pancreatic Oxidative Damage in Offspring of Valproic Acid-Treated Rats: Histological and Molecular Study

The Protective Role of Prenatal Alpha Lipoic Acid Supplementation against Pancreatic Oxidative Damage in Offspring of Valproic Acid-Treated Rats: Histological and Molecular Study

Sex Differences in Animal Models of Sodium-Valproate-Induced Autism in Postnatal BALB/c Mice: Whole-Brain Histoarchitecture and 5-HT2A Receptor Biomarker Evidence

Effect of Grape Seed Extract in Minimizing the Harmful Effects of Monosodium Glutamate on the Chicken Embryonic Retina to Show Scientific Miracles In the Holy Quran

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