The Potency of Kaffir Lime Leaf (Citrus Hystrix) Ethanol Extract Against Lead Acetate Toxicity on Spermatozoa Quality of Mice (Mus musculus)

Abstract

Lead is a heavy metal which can affect male reproductive system. The accumulation of lead in the body becomes a precursor to the formation of ROS, which is able to damage spermatozoa. The toxicity of lead can be prevented by antioxidants. Kaffir lime leaves (Citrus hystrix) with their flavonoid content have the potential to be the source of antioxidants. The purpose of this study is to analyze the antioxidant effect of kaffir lime leaves on the quality of spermatozoa of the mice that have been exposed to lead acetate. Methods: The literature study was conducted using narrative review technique by collecting related articles using specified keywords. Result: It is found that kaffir lime leaves contain hesperetin, which is the dominant flavonoid in Citrus group. The antioxidant activity of kaffir lime leaf is able to neutralize lead-induced ROS, as well as to stimulate the formation of enzymatic antioxidants. Conclusions: Ethanol extract of kaffir lime leaves can improve the quality of spermatozoa of the mice that have been exposed to lead acetate.