The Potency of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound in a Rat Calvarial Guided Bone-Regeneration Model

Abstract

Abstract:Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a biophysical intervention used to repair bone. LIPUS may reduce the healing time of bone defects covered with osteoconductive membranes. The purpose of this study was to identify the required characteristics of membranes used with LIPUS in guided bone-regeneration (GBR) procedures. Two bioabsorbable membranes (Bio-Mend ® , GC membrane), one non-bioabsorbable membrane (GORE-TEX ® ), and one titanium membrane (FRIOS ® BoneShield) were evaluated with an oscilloscope in two settings: underwater and with an ultrasound gel. One side of the membrane was attached to the LIPUS transducer, and the other side was connected to the oscilloscope transducer. The commercial bioabsorbable and GORE-TEX ® membranes transmitted only 7-16% of the 30-and 60-mW/cm 2 LIPUS waves with ultrasound gel or while underwater, whereas the titanium membrane transmitted 81-90% of these waves in both settings. Based on results of propagation analysis, we also examined the potency of LIPUS used with GBR in critical bone defects in vivo in a rat calvarium model. Two 5.0-mm defects were trephined in rat calvarium and covered with a GC membrane and FRIOS ® BoneShield, respectively. Rats were exposed to LIPUS 30 min/day for 3 weeks. In vivo, more active bone regeneration was observed in defects covered with titanium membranes than in those covered with GC membrane in the combined use of LIPUS with GBR. These results suggest that titanium membranes perform better than other commercial membranes in the combined use of LIPUS with GBR.

Mechanically-driven bone remodeling simulation: Application to LIPUS treated rat calvarial defects

“…Figures 1 and 2 show the evolution of bone growth around the defect as observed during a period of approximately 1 month for the control group (not treated with ultrasound) and for the group treated with LIPUS. From the results observed by Hasuike (2011) [19,33], it turns out that the LIPUS treatment undoubtedly has a beneficial effect on the process of bone healing. In the following we will show how our theoretical model can be applied to reproduce this behavior, after suitable calibration of the constitutive parameters.…”

“…Different authors (see [32][33][34][35]) have been interested in the experimental study of bone growth in the presence of bone defects. A common protocol is to produce a circular-shaped bone defect in the calvarium of a rat (or of another control species), thus observing in vivo, by an imaging procedure, the regeneration of bone in the weeks following surgery.…”

Musculoskeletal Biomaterials: Stimulated and Synergized with Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound

“…In addition, metal membranes showed better induction of new bone than polymer membranes. In vivo, combined with LIPUS, more new bone was observed in rat calvarium defects with a cover of titanium membranes than in those with a cover of GC membrane [75]. LIPUS promoted the repair of periodontal bone defects in beagle dogs, where the bone defect was transplanted with Bio Gide ® collagen membrane + autogenous bone graft [76].…”

“…However, the highest mineralization was observed in the group with 2 mW/cm 2 after 17 days of LIPUS stimulation [139]. Zhou et al proposed that the LIPUS intensity of 150 mW/cm 2 from the tissue culture plate be used for further study using 3D printed scaffolds, since maximum proliferation of hBMSCs was observed at 150 mW/cm 2 among five intensities (20,50,75,150, and 300 mW/cm 2 ) [52].…”