The Potential Association between E2F2, MDM2 and p16 Protein Concentration and Selected Sociodemographic and Clinicopathological Characteristics of Patients with Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Abstract

Background: E2F transcription factor 2 (E2F2), murine double minute 2 (MDM2) and p16 are some of the key proteins associated with the control of the cell cycle. The aim of this study was to evaluate E2F2, MDM2 and p16 concentrations in the tumour and margin samples of oral squamous cell carcinoma and to assess their association with some selected sociodemographic and clinicopathological characteristics of the patients. Methods: The study group consisted of 73 patients. Protein concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: There were no statistically significant differences in the levels of E2F2, MDM2 or p16 in the tumour samples as compared to the margin specimens. We found that patients with N0 showed significantly lower E2F2 concentrations than patients with N1 in the tumour samples and the median protein concentration of E2F2 was higher in HPV-negative patients in the tumour samples. Moreover, the level of p16 in the margin samples was lower in alcohol drinkers as compared to non-drinkers. Similar observations were found in concurrent drinkers and smokers compared to non-drinkers and non-smokers. Conclusions: E2F2 could potentially promote tumour progression and metastasis. Moreover, our results showed a differential level of the analysed proteins in response to alcohol consumption and the HPV status.

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“…Based on the declaration by (121), miRNA let-7a also able to decrease the presence of E2F2 protein in order to inhibit the aberrant reproduction of osteosarcoma cells, which is the proliferation of high-grade malignant mesenchymal cancer cell that derived from the abnormal bone and osteoid ( Dekkers et al, 2019 ). The E2F transcription factor 2 (E2F2) that stimulated by the infected E2F or Myc proteins is vital for tumorigenesis by which high expression of E2F2 may assist in high grade tumor, metastasis of cancer cell or any other terrible prognosis ( Świętek et al, 2023 ).…”

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“…The methodology for homogenisation was presented in a previous study [42]. The tumour and NT samples were homogenised in PBS (EURx, Gdansk, Poland) at a ratio of 9:1 (PBS volume/tissue weight).…”

“…The methodology for protein concentration analysis was presented in a previous study [42]. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to determine the concentrations of selected proteins in the homogenates.…”

“…The methodology for protein concentration analysis was presented in a previous study [42]. The quantification of the total protein in the homogenates was carried out using the AccuOrange™ Protein Quantitation Kit (Biotium, Fremont, CA, USA) according to the manufacturer's protocol.…”