The potential benefits of herbicide-resistant transgenic rice in Uruguay: Lessons for small developing countries

Hareau, Guy; Mills, Bradford F.; Norton, George W.

doi:10.1016/j.foodpol.2005.10.005

Cited by 37 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Continued yield improvements in crops such as rice and wheat are expected with insect resistant and herbicide tolerant traits that are already commercialized in other crops. [102][103][104][105][106] Bt eggplant, which is expected to increase yields and decrease insecticide use significantly, is currently under consideration by Indian regulators. 107,108 Technologies such as drought tolerance and salinity tolerance would alleviate the pressure to convert high biodiversity areas into agricultural use by enabling crop production on suboptimal soils.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of GM crops on biodiversity

Carpenter¹

2011

GM Crops

115

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The potential impact of GM crops on biodiversity has been a topic of interest both in general as well as specifically in the context of the Convention on Biological Diversity. Agricultural biodiversity has been defined at levels from genes to ecosystems that are involved or impacted by agricultural production (www.cbd.int/agro/whatis.shtml). After fifteen years of commercial cultivation, a substantial body of literature now exists addressing the potential impacts of GM crops on the environment. This review takes a biodiversity lens to this literature, considering the impacts at three levels: the crop, farm and landscape scales. Within that framework, this review covers potential impacts of the introduction of genetically engineered crops on: crop diversity, biodiversity of wild relatives, non-target soil organisms, weeds, land use, non-target above-ground organisms, and area-wide pest suppression. The emphasis of the review is peer-reviewed literature that presents direct measures of impacts on biodiversity. In addition, possible impacts of changes in management practises such as tillage and pesticide use are also discussed to complement the literature on direct measures. The focus of the review is on technologies that have been commercialized somewhere in the world, while results may emanate from non-adopting countries and regions. Overall, the review finds that currently commercialized GM crops have reduced the impacts of agriculture on biodiversity, through enhanced adoption of conservation tillage practices, reduction of insecticide use and use of more environmentally benign herbicides and increasing yields to alleviate pressure to convert additional land into agricultural use.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of GM crops on biodiversity

Carpenter¹

2011

GM Crops

115

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“…Seed cost studies usually assume a constant marginal cost per hectare (e.g. Qaim and De Janvry, 2003; Hareau et al. , 2006).…”

Section: Data Descriptionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ex Ante Evaluation of Drought‐Tolerant Varieties in Eastern and Central Africa

Kostandini¹,

Mills²,

Mykerezi³

2011

J Agricultural Economics

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This study presents a model to estimate potential benefits of drought‐tolerant varieties of maize, sorghum and millet in Kenya, Uganda and the Amhara region of Ethiopia. In addition to the benefits from mean yield increases, the model takes into account risk benefits associated with yield‐stabilising varieties. Ex ante estimates provided for different drought zones and for different household types within drought zones of each country suggest that drought resistance generates substantial benefits from both mean yield improvements and yield variance reductions for both consumers and small, medium and large producers.

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“…Studies on post GR impacts in different countries also show that improved agricultural technologies have positive impacts on yield level and variability, income, and food security, as well as poverty (Macharia et al 2012;Krishna and Qaim 2008;Napasintuwong and Traxler 2009;Hareau et al 2006, Qaim 2003. Macharia et al (2012) assessed the potential economic and poverty impacts of 11 improved chickpea varieties in Ethiopia using the economic surplus approach.…”

Section: Impacts Of Agricultural Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results show that the technology can significantly reduce insecticide applications and increase effective yields while generating an economic surplus of about $108 million (US) per year, which could be harnessed by diverse economic groups, including resource-poor farmers. The ex-ante analysis on the benefits of herbicide-resistant transgenic rice in Uruguay using a stochastic simulation technique show that the technologies would generate a benefit of $1.82 million (in terms of mean net present value) for producers and $0.55 million for the multinational corporations who develop the technologies (Hareau et al 2006). Napasintuwong and Traxler (2009) estimated that total economic surplus of the adoption of GM papaya in Thailand is in the range of $650 million to $1.5 billion, which would be generated within the first 10 years of adoption.…”

Section: Impacts Of Agricultural Technologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Impacts of Yield-Increasing Crop Technologies on Productivity and Poverty in Two Districts of Ethiopia

Kotu

Admassie

2016

Technological and Institutional Innovations for Marginalized Smallholders in Agricultural Development

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Ethiopian agriculture is characterized by low productivity which has contributed to the persistence of food insecurity and poverty in the country. Reports indicate that several yield-increasing technologies are available but have not yet been adequately utilized. This chapter assesses the potential impact of yieldincreasing crop technologies on productivity and poverty based on the data collected from two districts in Ethiopia. We focus on the use of improved seeds, together with appropriate agronomic packages such as chemical fertilizers and row planting technique. Results suggest that the resulting monetary gains would be enough to lift the "better-off" poor households out of poverty, but they would not be enough to lift up the ultra-poor out of poverty, implying that other livelihood strategies are desirable for improving the well-being of the latter.

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The potential benefits of herbicide-resistant transgenic rice in Uruguay: Lessons for small developing countries

Cited by 37 publications

References 24 publications

Impact of GM crops on biodiversity

Impact of GM crops on biodiversity

Ex Ante Evaluation of Drought‐Tolerant Varieties in Eastern and Central Africa

Potential Impacts of Yield-Increasing Crop Technologies on Productivity and Poverty in Two Districts of Ethiopia

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