The potential effects of Zataria multiflora Boiss essential oil on growth, aflatoxin production and transcription of aflatoxin biosynthesis pathway genes of toxigenic Aspergillus parasiticus

Yahyaraeyat, Ramak; Khosravi, Alireza; Shahbazzadeh, D.; Khalaj, Vahid

doi:10.1590/s1517-83822013000200045

Cited by 28 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In this study, aflR , aflT , aflD , aflM , and aflP were highly down‐regulated by cinnamaldehyde, followed by eugenol and citral which was similar to earlier studies on other compounds (Yahyaraeyat and others ; Hua and others ; Kong and others ). Of the 5 genes, the lower expression of aflR is possibly responsible for down‐regulating mRNA levels of other genes in this pathway resulting in inhibition of the toxin production.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…Certain natural compounds can inhibit aflatoxins production by reducing the expression of the aflatoxin gene pathway. For example, curcumin inhibits AFB 1 production in A. parasiticus by down regulating the expression of aflM ( ver‐1 ), aflD ( nor‐1 ), aflC ( pksA) , aflP ( omtA ), and aflR (Jahanshiri and others ); Zataria multiflora Boiss (which is known as Avishan Shirazi, a valuable Iranian medicinal plant) essential oil down regulates the gene expression of aflD , aflM , and aflP in A. parasiticus (Yahyaraeyat and others ); 2‐phenylethanol down regulates the structural genes ( aflC , aflD , aflO ( omtB ), and aflM ) involved in aflatoxin biosynthesis (Hua and others ); and cocultivation of A. flavus with Bacillus megaterium down regulates the aflatoxin pathway genes ( aflF , aflT , AflJ , aflL , and aflX ) (Kong and others ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Inhibitory Effect of Cinnamaldehyde, Citral, and Eugenol on Aflatoxin Biosynthetic Gene Expression and Aflatoxin B₁ Biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus

Liang

Xing

Selvaraj

et al. 2015

Journal of Food Science

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In order to reveal the inhibitory effects of cinnamaldehyde, citral, and eugenol on aflatoxin biosynthesis, the expression levels of 5 key aflatoxin biosynthetic genes were evaluated by real-time PCR. Aspergillus flavus growth and AFB1 production were completely inhibited by 0.80 mmol/L of cinnamaldehyde and 2.80 mmol/L of citral. However, at lower concentration, cinnamaldehyde (0.40 mmol/L), eugenol (0.80 mmol/L), and citral (0.56 mmol/L) significantly reduced AFB1 production with inhibition rate of 68.9%, 95.4%, and 41.8%, respectively, while no effect on fungal growth. Real-time PCR showed that the expressions of aflR, aflT, aflD, aflM, and aflP were down-regulated by cinnamaldehyde (0.40 mmol/L), eugenol (0.80 mmol/L), and citral (0.56 mmol/L). In the presence of cinnamaldehyde, AflM was highly down-regulated (average of 5963 folds), followed by aflP, aflR, aflD, and aflT with the average folds of 55, 18, 6.5, and 5.8, respectively. With 0.80 mmol/L of eugenol, aflP was highly down-regulated (average of 2061-folds), followed by aflM, aflR, aflD, and aflT with average of 138-, 15-, 5.2-, and 4.8-folds reduction, respectively. With 0.56 mmol/L of citral, aflT was completely inhibited, followed by aflM, aflP, aflR, and aflD with average of 257-, 29-, 3.5-, and 2.5-folds reduction, respectively. These results suggest that the reduction in AFB1 production by cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, and citral at low concentration may be due to the down-regulations of the transcription level of aflatoxin biosynthetic genes. Cinnamaldehyde and eugenol may be employed successfully as a good candidate in controlling of toxigenic fungi and subsequently contamination with aflatoxins in practice.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory Effect of Cinnamaldehyde, Citral, and Eugenol on Aflatoxin Biosynthetic Gene Expression and Aflatoxin B₁ Biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus

Liang

Xing

Selvaraj

et al. 2015

Journal of Food Science

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“…Several natural compounds have been proved to inhibit mycotoxins production by down regulating the transcript levels of biosynthetic genes [ 9 ]. For example, curcumin inhibited AFB 1 production in A. parasiticus by reducing the transcript levels of aflatoxin biosynthetic genes like pksA , ver-1 , nor-1 , omtA , and aflR [ 41 , 42 ]; cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, and citral inhibited AFB 1 production in A. flavus by reducing the transcript levels of ver-1 , nor-1 , omtA , aflR , and aflT [ 42 ]; 2-phenylethanol reduced the expression of the structural genes ( aflC , aflD , aflO , and aflM ) in aflatoxin pathway [ 43 ]; Zataria multiflora Boiss essential oil reduced the transcript levels of aflD , aflM , and aflP in A. paraciticus [ 44 ]; piperine inhibited AFB 1 production in A. flavus by downregulating the expression of almost all genes participating in aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway [ 45 ]; and eugenol inhibited AFB 1 production in A. flavus by reducing expression of 20 of 29 genes in aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway using RNA-seq [ 46 ]. In this study, pks , nrps , veA , laeA , and velB genes, which are involved in OTA biosynthesis, were highly downregulated by cinnmaldehyde at 0.4 and 1.0 mmol/L.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Cinnamaldehyde on Morphological Alterations of Aspergillus ochraceus and Expression of Key Genes Involved in Ochratoxin A Biosynthesis

Wang

Jin

Liu

et al. 2018

Toxins

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Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a potent nephrotoxic, hepatotoxic, and teratogenic compound which is a significant mycotoxin contaminates cereals during storage. Aspergillus ochraceus is the most common producer of OTA in cereals and cereal-derived products. Cinnamaldehyde is a natural substance derived from plant cinnamon playing an important role in the reduction of OTA contamination. In this study, the antifungal and antitoxigenic effect of cinnamaldehyde was investigated with its mechanisms of inhibition of fungal growth at the morphological and ultrastructural levels, and inhibition of OTA biosynthesis at the transcriptional level. Significant A. ochraceus growth was inhibited at 0.4–1.6 mmol/L with fumigation. A. ochraceus exposed to 0.4 mmol/L of cinnamaldehyde indicated irreversible harmful morphological and ultrastructural modifications such as the folding of the cell, the loss of integrity of the cell wall, the disruption of plasma membrane, the destruction of the mitochondria, and the absence of intracellular organelles. These alterations may be attributed to its inhibition of enzymatic reactions that regulate cell wall synthesis, thus disturbing the morphogenesis and growth of A. ochraceus. In the presence of cinnamaldehyde, the tested biosynthetic and regulatory genes like pks, nrps, veA, laeA and velB were highly downregulated. Moreover, the downregulation effect of cinnamaldehyde increased proportionally with the concentrations. These results suggest that the decrease of OTA production by cinnamaldehyde is attributed to the downregulation of the transcriptional levels of OTA biosynthetic and regulatory genes besides the inhibition of fungal growth. The study reveals the mechanisms of the antifungal and antitoxigenic activities of cinnamaldehyde against A. ochraceus, and further emphasizes that cinnamaldehyde could be a safe and effective natural agents against OTA contamination during cereals storage.

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“…In fact, it was evidenced that Zataria multiflora Boiss. essential oil reduced growth and aflatoxin production in A. parasiticus [ 126 ]. The inhibitory effects of Z. multiflora oil on toxin production were associated to an inhibition of the genes of aflatoxin biosynthesis pathway.…”

Section: Mechanisms Of Essential Oil Cytotoxicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Activities of Essential Oils: From Plant Chemoecology to Traditional Healing Systems

et al. 2017

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Essential oils are complex mixtures of hydrocarbons and their oxygenated derivatives arising from two different isoprenoid pathways. Essential oils are produced by glandular trichomes and other secretory structures, specialized secretory tissues mainly diffused onto the surface of plant organs, particularly flowers and leaves, thus exerting a pivotal ecological role in plant. In addition, essential oils have been used, since ancient times, in many different traditional healing systems all over the world, because of their biological activities. Many preclinical studies have documented antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of essential oils in a number of cell and animal models, also elucidating their mechanism of action and pharmacological targets, though the paucity of in human studies limits the potential of essential oils as effective and safe phytotherapeutic agents. More well-designed clinical trials are needed in order to ascertain the real efficacy and safety of these plant products.

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The potential effects of Zataria multiflora Boiss essential oil on growth, aflatoxin production and transcription of aflatoxin biosynthesis pathway genes of toxigenic Aspergillus parasiticus

Cited by 28 publications

References 35 publications

Inhibitory Effect of Cinnamaldehyde, Citral, and Eugenol on Aflatoxin Biosynthetic Gene Expression and Aflatoxin B₁ Biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus

Inhibitory Effect of Cinnamaldehyde, Citral, and Eugenol on Aflatoxin Biosynthetic Gene Expression and Aflatoxin B₁ Biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus

Effect of Cinnamaldehyde on Morphological Alterations of Aspergillus ochraceus and Expression of Key Genes Involved in Ochratoxin A Biosynthesis

Biological Activities of Essential Oils: From Plant Chemoecology to Traditional Healing Systems

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The potential effects of Zataria multiflora Boiss essential oil on growth, aflatoxin production and transcription of aflatoxin biosynthesis pathway genes of toxigenic Aspergillus parasiticus

Cited by 28 publications

References 35 publications

Inhibitory Effect of Cinnamaldehyde, Citral, and Eugenol on Aflatoxin Biosynthetic Gene Expression and Aflatoxin B1 Biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus

Inhibitory Effect of Cinnamaldehyde, Citral, and Eugenol on Aflatoxin Biosynthetic Gene Expression and Aflatoxin B1 Biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus

Effect of Cinnamaldehyde on Morphological Alterations of Aspergillus ochraceus and Expression of Key Genes Involved in Ochratoxin A Biosynthesis

Biological Activities of Essential Oils: From Plant Chemoecology to Traditional Healing Systems

Contact Info

Product

Resources

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Inhibitory Effect of Cinnamaldehyde, Citral, and Eugenol on Aflatoxin Biosynthetic Gene Expression and Aflatoxin B₁ Biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus

Inhibitory Effect of Cinnamaldehyde, Citral, and Eugenol on Aflatoxin Biosynthetic Gene Expression and Aflatoxin B₁ Biosynthesis in Aspergillus flavus