The Potential of Extended Aeration System for Sago Effluent Treatment

Abstract

Problem statement: Sago effluent contains large amount of organic material which has a potential to cause water pollution. In order to reduce this problem, an experiment was conducted to remove organic material from sago effluent using lab scale of Extended Aeration (EA) system. Approach: The EA system consisted of the combination of physical and biological treatment unit. For Physical Treatment Unit (PTU), the sago effluent was filtered using 710 µm mesh size filter. For Biological Treatment Unit (BTU), the effluent were mixed and aerated with activated sago sludge for 48 h. The treatment efficiency with respect to Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Total Suspended Solid (TSS) removal were evaluated and compared with regulatory requirement by Department of Environment, Malaysia. Results: The result showed, the EA system could reduce BOD, COD and TSS up to 84, 87.8 and 73% respectively, however it did not comply with the regulatory requirement. Conclusion: This study suggested the EA system have potential to be apply on sago effluent, however it should be integrated with additional treatment unit to achieve the effluent quality standard.

Removal of chemical oxygen demand from agro effluent by ZnO photocatalysis and photo-Fenton

“…This could be due to the production of residual effluents after the extraction process, which often contains a small amount of starch and proteins, and the presence of hydrogen cyanide [7]. The results show that the BOD (2733.33 mg/L), COD (26,953 mg/L), and TSS (6326.67 mg/L) values for this study were higher-with the exception for TSS-compared with the values reported by Rashid et al [41], which were 910-1300 mg/L, 780-5130 mg/L, and 19-20,000 mg/L for BOD, COD, and TSS, respectively. Overall, the values…”

“…Photolysis and the presence of oxygen had offered noticeable contributions in reducing the level of COD. A study by Rashid et al [41] also indicated that the lab-scale extended aeration aided in the reduction of COD in sago effluent sampled from Mukah, Sarawak. Nevertheless, the reduction of COD was enhanced in the presence of ZnO, although differences can be observed between both conditions, as shown in Fig.…”

“…For example, a hybrid upflow anaerobic sludge blanket in the presence of microorganisms was used to reduce the levels of COD and TSS in sago wastewater [6]. In another study, Doraisamy et al [17] revealed that an anaerobic hybrid reactor can successfully reduce the influent of organic load content with an optimum hydraulic retention time of 10-20 h. Rashid et al [41] investigated the effect of extended aeration time for the removal of BOD, COD, and TSS from sago wastewater, which was collected from a sago mill in Mukah, Sarawak. In the study, the extended aeration period was able to reduce BOD, COD, and TSS levels to 84%, 88%, and 73%, respectively.…”

Degrading cassava mill effluent using aerated sequencing batch reactor with palm kernel shell as medium

“…Continuous air supply during wastewater treatment also increases the microbial growth and accelerates the degradation of high organic wastewater (Rashid et al, 2010). The inhibiting effect of the acidic medium on the microbial load may be responsible for the low performance of the system (Solomonson, 1981).…”

Simultaneous Reclamation of Sago Starch Processing Effluent Water and <i>Rhizopus oligosporus</i> Cultivation at Different pH Conditions

“…This practice generates approximately 7 tons of effluent that are highly rich in organic materials, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD) and total suspended solids (TSS) [3,4]. According to Rashid et al [5], the BOD, COD, and TSS in sago effluent are in the range of 910 to 1,300 mg/L, 780 to 5,130 mg/L and 19 to 20,000 mg/L, respectively. As most sago starch extraction plants are operated at smallscale, treating sago effluent loaded with high concentrations of organic materials is a challenge [4].…”