The potential of semi-permeable bentonite and zeolite composite on the reduction of Pb (II) concentration in landfill

Abstract

An alternative material that could be used as a liner, which can avert the heavy metal migration from landfill to soil, is the combination between bentonite and zeolite. This study aims to analyze the Pb2+ adsorption capacity of the liner and permeability of bentonite with the addition of zeolite in several percentages. There were four different types of composite in the experiment, such as pure bentonite (BZ0), bentonite + zeolite 2% (BZ2), bentonite + zeolite 5% (BZ5), and bentonite + zeolite 8% (BZ8). Bentonite and zeolite composite was inserted into a cylindrical reactor, which was compacted to adjust the condition of the study to be similar with existing condition in the landfill. This study was conducted until the leachate produced and lead concentration was tested using samples from the liner and leachate in the outlet. The results showed that the highest efficiency of lead reduction was obtained from BZ8 with the percentage of 95.2%, while the highest permeability coefficient was found in BZ8 with the value of 7.76 x 10−11 cm/s. The addition of zeolite has been proven to be able to reduce the lead concentration of leachate, but it increased the possibility of leakage.