The potential of wastewater-based epidemiology as surveillance and early warning of infectious disease outbreaks

Mao, Kang; Zhang, Kuankuan; Du, Wei; Ali, Waqar; Feng, Xinbin; Zhang, Hua

doi:10.1016/j.coesh.2020.04.006

Cited by 184 publications

(159 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…With streamlined and properly constructed sewage systems in developed countries, WBE is observed to be very consistent with the findings of other researchers [32][33][34]. For instance, wastewater was sampled at the Amsterdam Airport once a week in the first quarter of 2020 with results showing a positive detection of the virus RNA using a quantitative RT-PCR methodology four days after recording cases in the Netherlands [34]. Sodré et al [35] further corroborate these findings, stating that "the detection of the virus in sewage, even when the COVID-19 prevalence is low gives an indication that sewage surveillance could be used to monitor the circulation of the virus in the population.…”

Section: Community Surveillance Of the Virus Loadsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Upon investigation of the presence of the virus in sewage systems and possible signs of an imminent outbreak, the rundown of South Africa's municipal sewage systems poses a risk of infection to residents and nearby communities [33]. With streamlined and properly constructed sewage systems in developed countries, WBE is observed to be very consistent with the findings of other researchers [32][33][34]. For instance, wastewater was sampled at the Amsterdam Airport once a week in the first quarter of 2020 with results showing a positive detection of the virus RNA using a quantitative RT-PCR methodology four days after recording cases in the Netherlands [34].…”

Section: Community Surveillance Of the Virus Loadsupporting

confidence: 70%

“…Further studies conducted showed that out of the 74 COVID-19 patients, 55% showed a prolonged presence of SARS-COV-2 in their faucal matter [36]. A mean value of 27.9 days as compared with a mean of 16.7 days in the respiratory samples of the 55% in China was reported [34][35][36]. The clinical and WBE per-assay costs of screening may differ significantly depending on the geospatial regions, the labor cost differentiation prices, existing infrastructure, safety requirements, among others.…”

Section: Community Surveillance Of the Virus Loadmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…The clinical and WBE per-assay costs of screening may differ significantly depending on the geospatial regions, the labor cost differentiation prices, existing infrastructure, safety requirements, among others. Mao et al [34] discovered that the cost per kit of clinical testing of the virus in patients could cost between USD 10 to 20 depending on the location of the patient with an average mean of USD 15 globally. As it stands now, approximately 30,000-600,000 of SARS-COV-2 viral genomes per mL of human excreta with a faucal load of 100-400 g has been reported [3,20].…”

Section: Community Surveillance Of the Virus Loadmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Magnetic nanoparticles (Ferromagnetite) have been reported as good substrates for heavy metal adsorption from aqueous solutions [9,34]. The chemistry behind this mechanism could be attributed to the four unpaired electrons in the 3d shell with an iron atom having a strong magnetic moment.…”

Section: Magnetic Nanotechnologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fate of COVID-19 Occurrences in Wastewater Systems: Emerging Detection and Treatment Technologies—A Review

Tetteh

Amankwa

Armah

et al. 2020

Water

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The coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic is currently posing a significant threat to the world’s public health and social-economic growth. Despite the rigorous international lockdown and quarantine efforts, the rate of COVID-19 infectious cases remains exceptionally high. Notwithstanding, the end route of COVID-19, together with emerging contaminants’ (antibiotics, pharmaceuticals, nanoplastics, pesticide, etc.) occurrence in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs), poses a great challenge in wastewater settings. Therefore, this paper seeks to review an inter-disciplinary and technological approach as a roadmap for the water and wastewater settings to help fight COVID-19 and future waves of pandemics. This study explored wastewater–based epidemiology (WBE) potential for detecting SARS-CoV-2 and its metabolites in wastewater settings. Furthermore, the prospects of integrating innovative and robust technologies such as magnetic nanotechnology, advanced oxidation process, biosensors, and membrane bioreactors into the WWTPs to augment the risk of COVID-19’s environmental impacts and improve water quality are discussed. In terms of the diagnostics of COVID-19, potential biosensors such as sample–answer chip-, paper- and nanomaterials-based biosensors are highlighted. In conclusion, sewage treatment systems, together with magnetic biosensor diagnostics and WBE, could be a possible way to keep a surveillance on the outbreak of COVID-19 in communities around the globe, thereby identifying hotspots and curbing the diagnostic costs of testing. Photocatalysis prospects are high to inactivate coronavirus, and therefore a focus on safe nanotechnology and bioengineering should be encouraged.

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Section: Community Surveillance Of the Virus Loadsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Community Surveillance Of the Virus Loadsupporting

confidence: 70%

Section: Community Surveillance Of the Virus Loadmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Community Surveillance Of the Virus Loadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Magnetic Nanotechnologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fate of COVID-19 Occurrences in Wastewater Systems: Emerging Detection and Treatment Technologies—A Review

Tetteh

Amankwa

Armah

et al. 2020

Water

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Tailoring the Surface Properties of Micro/Nanofibers Using 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D Nanostructures: A Review on Post‐Modification Methods

Schneider

Facure

Chagas

et al. 2021

Adv Materials Inter

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Micro‐ and nanofibers produced by electrospinning and solution blow spinning (SBS) are highly suitable platforms for diverse applications due to their advantageous properties, including the high surface area to volume ratio, high porosity, and flexibility. To render them additional functionalities, distinct pre‐ or post‐modification processes have been proposed for modifying such micro‐ and nanofibers with 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D nanostructures. The pre‐modification requires the addition of 0D–3D nanostructures (or their precursors) into the polymeric phase before the spinning process, which can demand laborious solubilization and requires changes in experimental spinning parameters, with impact on morphology, spinnability, and properties. Post‐modification methods, on the other hand, enable the fabrication of composite fibers without the need to optimize the spinning parameters, allowing a simple and efficient surface modification. Herein, recent advances on post‐modification methods of spun fibers, including wet chemistry, grafting, crosslinking, click chemistry, oxidations, hydrolysis and reduction strategies, dip‐coating, layer‐by‐layer, electro/air‐spray, atomic layer deposition, and plasma techniques aiming at the surface functionalization with 0D–3D nanostructures are surveyed. Recent results, trends, and challenges on the application of such surface‐modified fibers for environmental, industrial, and medical applications, including as adsorbent and filtering membranes, catalysts for pollutants degradation, and wearable sensors are examined.

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Environmental pollutants and their impact on COVID‐19 spread: Current problem and future resolutions

Patil

Parthasarathy

Matkar³

et al. 2023

Carbon Neutralization

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COVID‐19 is the greatest crucial universal health issue of the century and the extreme challenge that came after the 2nd World War faced by humankind. In 2019, different strains of the coronavirus have emerged drastically, that as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) which is the causative agent of corona disease. As far as human civilization history, there have been occurrences of severe diseases and outbreaks of various viruses. According to World Health Organization reports, throughout the world, the present outbreak of COVID‐19 has engulfed more than 200 countries affecting 241,471,559 individuals and more than 4,914,092 people lost their lives. SARS‐CoV‐2 outbreak is severely disturbing the worldwide economy at present. The urgent need of recent times is to understand the environmental aspect of COVID‐19 disease. Hence to fulfill this point, the present review article is compiled with a brief discussion about all the minute points of the COVID‐19 pandemic related to the environment: origin and present scenario, the occurrence of SARS‐CoV‐2 in environmental habitats, the effect of COVID‐19 on human health, and environment, environmental factors influencing the transmission and spreading of SARS‐CoV‐2. This review explains micro and macro pollutants in hospital and urban wastewater influencing COVID‐19, detection of SARS‐CoV‐2, current global drug strategies to control replication and spread of SARS‐CoV‐2 from the environment, future approaches, and guidelines to prevent and control upcoming pandemics. The SARS‐CoV‐2 structural details and their effect on humans have been already well presented but the research about environmental factors affecting COVID‐19 could be important points to fight present and future pandemics.

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The potential of wastewater-based epidemiology as surveillance and early warning of infectious disease outbreaks

Cited by 184 publications

References 47 publications

Fate of COVID-19 Occurrences in Wastewater Systems: Emerging Detection and Treatment Technologies—A Review

Fate of COVID-19 Occurrences in Wastewater Systems: Emerging Detection and Treatment Technologies—A Review

Tailoring the Surface Properties of Micro/Nanofibers Using 0D, 1D, 2D, and 3D Nanostructures: A Review on Post‐Modification Methods

Environmental pollutants and their impact on COVID‐19 spread: Current problem and future resolutions

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