“…Research regarding distinctive but related neurodevelopmental disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (AD/HD) and autism, 1 is increasingly moving towards determining cognitive endophenotypes that can characterize the heterogenic nature of these disorders, instead of trying to pinpoint which single cognitive construct underlies all AD/HD or autism characteristics (e.g., Anderson, 2008;Castellanos & Tannock, 2002;Happe´, Ronald & Plomin, 2006;Viding & Blakemore, 2007). These endophenotypes can be conceptualized on a neurophysiological, neuroanatomical and/or cognitive level, and they are the intermediate between the behavioural classification (i.e., AD/HD as phenotype) and the biological variables (i.e., genotypes and environment) that cause the disorder (Gottesman & Gould, 2003).…”