The Potential Role of Green Tea and its Main Constituent (Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate) in Pain Relief: A Mechanistic Review

Negah, Sajad Sahab; Ghazavi, Hamed; Vafaee, Farzaneh; Rashidi, Roghayeh; Aminian, Ahmad Reza; Forouzanfar, Fatemeh

doi:10.2174/1570163817666201229121033

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…KiOil ® is a patented combination of arnica, devil’s claw, green tea, and liposomes created by Medifarmagen SRL a Spin-off of Catanzaro’s University. These substances showed anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties, as described before [ 28 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 34 ].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 60%

“…Moreover, harpagoside inihibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces the production of COX-2 and NO, acting on the nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) [ 33 ]. Green tea (one of the most popular drugs in the world) showed antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antinociceptive effects through the expression of molecules called catechins [ 34 ]. This substance showed efficacy in inflammatory pathologies including rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis [ 35 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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FT-IR Analysis of Structural Changes in Ketoprofen Lysine Salt and KiOil Caused by a Pulsed Magnetic Field

et al. 2022

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High-intensity, low-frequency magnetic fields (MFs) have been widely used in the treatment of diseases and in drug delivery, even though they could induce structural changes in pharmacological molecules. Morphological changes in ketoprofen and KiOil were investigated through Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). Unsupervised principal component analysis was carried out for data clustering. Clinical validation on 22 patients with lower back pain was managed using diamagnetic therapy plus topical ketoprofen or KiOil. The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) and Short-Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36) were used to evaluate clinical and functional response. Ketoprofen showed clear clustering among samples exposed to MF (4000–650 cm−1), and in the narrow frequency band (1675–1475 cm−1), results evidenced structural changes which involved other excipients than ketoprofen. KiOil has evidenced structural modifications in the subcomponents of the formulation. Clinical treatment with ketoprofen showed an average NRS of 7.77 ± 2.25 before and an average NRS of 2.45 ± 2.38 after MF treatment. There was a statistically significant reduction in NRS (p = 0.003) and in SF-36 (p < 0.005). Patients treated with KiOil showed an average NRS of 7.59 ± 2.49 before treatment and an average NRS of 1.90 ± 2.26 after treatment (p < 0.005). SF-36 showed statistical significance for all items except limitations due to emotional problems. A high-intensity pulsed magnetic field is an adjunct to topical treatment in patients with localized pain, and the effect of MF does not evidence significant effects on the molecules.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 60%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

FT-IR Analysis of Structural Changes in Ketoprofen Lysine Salt and KiOil Caused by a Pulsed Magnetic Field

et al. 2022

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“…Because chronic pain causes are poorly understood, and patients also suffer from comorbid conditions such as anxiety and depression, chronic pain remains poorly managed (Attal et al, 2011;Courtney et al, 2017;Markenson, 1996;Ossipov et al, 2014). Long-term use of analgesic drugs has its limitations, such as adverse effects and drug-to-drug interactions (Mercer Lindsay et al, 2021;Negah et al, 2021). Medicinal plants are a source of an infinite range of phytochemicals that have consistently been shown analgesic therapeutic properties (Forouzanfar et al, 2023;Negah et al, 2023;Rakhshandeh et al, 2021).…”

Section: Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Long-term use of analgesic drugs has its limitations, such as adverse effects and drug-to-drug interactions (Mercer Lindsay et al, 2021;Negah et al, 2021). Medicinal plants are a source of an infinite range of phytochemicals that have consistently been shown analgesic therapeutic properties (Forouzanfar et al, 2023;Negah et al, 2023;Rakhshandeh et al, 2021). A critical evaluation of the clinical data regarding the adverse effects has shown that herbal remedies are generally better tolerated than synthetic medications (Izzo et al, 2016).…”

Section: Painmentioning

confidence: 99%

Saffron (Crocus sativus) and its constituents for pain management: A review of current evidence

Pourbagher‐Shahri

Forouzanfar

2023

Phytotherapy Research

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Pain can become a chronic and deliberating experience with a significant burden. In preclinical and clinical studies, Saffron (Crocus sativus L.) has shown analgesic activities. Considering the unsatisfactory results of current therapeutic management for chronic pain conditions, we aimed to review saffron's analgesic activity and underlying mechanisms. Saffron showed antinociceptive activities in formalin‐, carrageenan‐, and capsaicin‐induced experimental pain models. Saffron analgesic activities affected several targets, including ion channels of nociceptors; the adrenergic system and central histaminic system; inhibition of inflammatory pathways, apoptotic pathways, and oxidative stress; regulation of NO pathway, and the endocannabinoid system. Clinical studies showed analgesia of Saffron in rheumatoid arthritis, after‐pain following childbirth, dysmenorrhea, and fibromyalgia. Our literature review showed that saffron can be beneficial as an adjunct therapy to commonly used analgesics in practice, particularly in chronic pain conditions.

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“…Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a major bioactive polyphenol in green tea, is known to suppress inflammation and oxidative stress [ 110 ]. Many studies have shown that EGCG has anti-inflammatory effects on chronic inflammatory diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases and cancers, in a multifactorial manner [ 111 , 112 ].…”

Section: Phytochemicals Targeting the Jak–stat Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytochemicals Targeting JAK–STAT Pathways in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Insights from Animal Models

et al. 2021

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Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder of the gastrointestinal tract that consists of Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). Cytokines are thought to be key mediators of inflammation-mediated pathological processes of IBD. These cytokines play a crucial role through the Janus kinase (JAK) and signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) signaling pathways. Several small molecules inhibiting JAK have been used in clinical trials, and one of them has been approved for IBD treatment. Many anti-inflammatory phytochemicals have been shown to have potential as new drugs for IBD treatment. This review describes the significance of the JAK–STAT pathway as a current therapeutic target for IBD and discusses the recent findings that phytochemicals can ameliorate disease symptoms by affecting the JAK–STAT pathway in vivo in IBD disease models. Thus, we suggest that phytochemicals modulating JAK–STAT pathways are potential candidates for developing new therapeutic drugs, alternative medicines, and nutraceutical agents for the treatment of IBD.

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The Potential Role of Green Tea and its Main Constituent (Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate) in Pain Relief: A Mechanistic Review

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

FT-IR Analysis of Structural Changes in Ketoprofen Lysine Salt and KiOil Caused by a Pulsed Magnetic Field

FT-IR Analysis of Structural Changes in Ketoprofen Lysine Salt and KiOil Caused by a Pulsed Magnetic Field

Saffron (Crocus sativus) and its constituents for pain management: A review of current evidence

Phytochemicals Targeting JAK–STAT Pathways in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Insights from Animal Models

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