The potential role of MRI in veterinary clinical cardiology

Gilbert, Stephen; McConnell, Fraser; Holden, Arun V.; Sivananthan, Mohan U.; Dukes‐McEwan, J.

doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2008.11.018

Cited by 27 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…It has inherent advantages facilitating the morphological and hemodynamic assessment of the heart and major vasculature during stages of the cardiac cycle, allows for identification of concurrent extracardiac anomalies that might be present and provides better spatial resolution and superior tissue contrast compared with echocardiography. This has also reduced the requirement for radiographic angiography and the associated dangers for the subject and clinician [18]. To date cardiac MRI is rarely used in the veterinary field yet with developing technology previous limitations like size of the patient, acquisition time and fast heart rate (compared with man) can increasingly be overcome.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imperforated cor triatriatum dexter in a dog with concurrent caudal vena cava wall mineralization

et al. 2017

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BackgroundCor triatriatum dexter (CTD) is a rare congenital cardiac malformation with various manifestations and has been sporadically described in dogs. Clinically the dogs present with nonspecific signs of right heart failure or Budd-Chiari-like syndrome. Other associated concurrent cardiovascular anomalies are commonly reported. Diagnosis and full characterization of this complex malformation requires careful investigation and often a multimodal imaging approach.Case presentationA 10-week-old, male intact, Golden Retriever was presented with clinical signs of stunted growth, anorexia, and progressive ascites. CTD imperforate with sole separation of the caudal vena cava (CdVC) and concurrent venous wall mineralization was conjointly diagnosed and fully characterized by echocardiography, non-selective angiography, computed tomography angiography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This was successfully treated surgically and the dog returned to normal activity.ConclusionTo the author’s knowledge, this is the first case of CTD imperforate separating the CdVC from the right atrium (RA) with presumed secondary CdCV wall and hepatic parenchyma mineralization reported in a dog. CTD is an important and potentially correctable cause for the development of ascites in a young puppy. Accurate diagnosis of this complex cardiac anomaly is important for selection of the most appropriate curative treatment option.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Imperforated cor triatriatum dexter in a dog with concurrent caudal vena cava wall mineralization

et al. 2017

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“…In this study, cardiac MRI provided consistently good images of the cardiac structures in vivo both in normal and diseased patients. Imaging was achieved in a reasonable amount of time, alleviating the use of respiratory gating which is unreliable in dogs 17 . Breath‐hold can be achieved using paralytic agents or hyperventilation 17,21,26 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Imaging was achieved in a reasonable amount of time, alleviating the use of respiratory gating which is unreliable in dogs 17 . Breath‐hold can be achieved using paralytic agents or hyperventilation 17,21,26 . Even when breathing occurs, the minimal thoracic wall excursions during breathing may cause only minimal artifacts 17 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The images are then reconstructed for each time‐point and can be played in a loop reproducing cardiac motion across the cycle in a fashion similar to echocardiography: this display is called Ciné‐mode 27 . Because with gradient‐echo the re‐phasing gradient refocuses flowing spins, the signal of blood is bright with this method 17 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Normal Dogs and Two Dogs With Heart Base Tumor

Maï

Weisse

Sleeper

2010

Veterinary Radiology &Amp; Ultrasound

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We describe the technique for in vivo cardiac-gated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in normal dogs and its application in two dogs with a large right atrial tumor. The dogs with a cardiac tumor were also imaged using contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (CE-MRA). Cardiac-gated MRI and CE-MRA are both feasible in animals with short acquisition times compatible with breath-hold imaging under anesthesia, and provide detailed two- and three-dimensional (3D) depiction of the cardiac anatomy and great vessels with or without contrast medium. Although cardiac MRI will not replace echocardiography, it is a powerful alternative technique to use when knowledge of the 3D anatomy of the vasculature is required, when precise volume measurements are needed or when myocardial characterization is indicated. As opposed to contrast-enhanced computed tomography angiography, cardiac MRI does not use ionizing radiation or iodinated contrast medium.

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“…Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) gains popularity in veterinary diagnostic imaging (Vallee et al, 2004;Gilbert et al, 2010). CMR in animals is used for evaluation of cardiac morphology (Contreras et al, 2008;Baumwart et al, 2009;, cardiac function (Hockings et al, 2003;MacDonald et al, 2005;Baumwart et al, 2009;Kim et al, 2013;Meyer et al, 2013;Sieslack et al, 2013;Sieslack et al, 2014; as well as associated diseases of the heart Mai et al, 2010), the pericardium (Boddy et al, 2011), and the adjacent vasculature (Mai et al, 2010;Lee et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole-heart 4D flow cardiac magnetic resonance in healthy dogs

Pfammatter

Campagna

Toaldo

et al. 2018

SAT

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In cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), accurate flow measurements rely on perpendicular plane-alignment with flow direction. For 2D phase contrast (PC) cardiac magnetic resonance measurements, planes have to be defined during the examination of the heart, which is time consuming and error-prone. Collection of flow information of the entire volume of the heart by a 4D flow CMR postpones plane alignment to post-processing. Sampling of such a large amount of data requires acceleration of data acquisition with techniques such as SENSitivity Encoding (k-t SENSE) or Broad-use Linear Acquisition Speed-up Technique (k-t BLAST). Objectives of the study were to compare 4D flow CMR, accelerated with two different acceleration methods with the established 2D PC CMR based on assessment of stroke volume at all four cardiac valves. The values of stroke volume acquired with the 4D flow CMR SENSE did not differ significantly when compared to the 2D PC CMR SENSE at the left side of the heart (aortic and mitral valve). Significant differences between the techniques were seen at the pulmonic and tricuspid valves. Acceleration with k-t BLAST revealed significantly lower values of stroke volume at all cardiac valves, except at the mitral valve. AbstractIn cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR), accurate flow measurements rely on perpendicular plane-alignment with flow direction. For 2D phase contrast (PC) cardiac magnetic resonance measurements, planes have to be defined during the examination of the heart, which is time consuming and error-prone. Collection of flow information of the entire volume of the heart by a 4D flow CMR postpones plane alignment to post-processing. Sampling of such a large amount of data requires acceleration of data acquisition with techniques such as SENSitivity Encoding (k-t SENSE) or Broad-use Linear Acquisition Speed-up Technique (k-t BLAST). Objectives of the study were to compare 4D flow CMR, accelerated with two different acceleration methods with the established 2D PC CMR based on assessment of stroke volume at all four cardiac valves. The values of stroke volume acquired with the 4D flow CMR SENSE did not differ significantly when compared to the 2D PC CMR SENSE at the left side of the heart (aortic and mitral valve). Significant differences between the techniques were seen at the pulmonic and tricuspid valves. Acceleration with k-t BLAST revealed significantly lower values of stroke volume at all cardiac valves, except at the mitral valve.

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The potential role of MRI in veterinary clinical cardiology

Cited by 27 publications

References 38 publications

Imperforated cor triatriatum dexter in a dog with concurrent caudal vena cava wall mineralization

Imperforated cor triatriatum dexter in a dog with concurrent caudal vena cava wall mineralization

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Normal Dogs and Two Dogs With Heart Base Tumor

Whole-heart 4D flow cardiac magnetic resonance in healthy dogs

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