The potential therapy with dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells in Parkinson’s disease

Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD), the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide, is caused by the loss of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons in the substantia nigra resulting in a series of motor or non-motor disorders. Current treatment methods are unable to stop the progression of PD and may bring certain side effects. Cell replacement therapy has brought new hope for the treatment of PD. Recently, human dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells have received extensive attention. Currently, dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) and stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) are considered to have strong potential for the treatment of these neurodegenerative diseases. These cells are considered to be ideal cell sources for the treatment of PD on account of their unique characteristics, such as neural crest origin, immune rejection, and lack of ethical issues. In this review, we briefly describe the research investigating cell therapy for PD and discuss the application and progress of DPSCs and SHED in the treatment of PD. This review offers significant and comprehensive guidance for further clinical research on PD.

Dental Pulp Stem Cell-Derived Secretome and Its Regenerative Potential

“…Parkinson’s disease (PD) , the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide, is caused by the loss of dopaminergic (DAergic) neurons in the substantia nigra resulting in a series of motor or non-motor disorders [ 108 ]. Drug therapy is the most effective and widely used treatment for PD patients, including administration of levodopa, DA agonists, amantadine, monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitors, and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitors [ 109 ].…”

“…Drug therapy is the most effective and widely used treatment for PD patients, including administration of levodopa, DA agonists, amantadine, monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) inhibitors, and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) inhibitors [ 109 ]. Recently, hDPSCs and SHEDs have received extensive attention in PD therapy [ 86 , 108 ]. It is speculated that the neuroprotective effect of hDPSCs and SHEDs may be caused by the soluble factors they release, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factors, NGF and GDNF, which protect midbrain neurons damaged by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA), a selective dopaminergic toxin that induces apoptosis ( Figure 4 B) [ 86 , 110 ].…”

“…Consequently, while the differentiation of stem cells into DAergic neurons is not the only purpose in PD cell therapy, the ability to produce and secrete neuroprotective factors may be more important [ 86 , 108 ]. Secreted neuroprotective factors may bind to specific receptors and trigger the activation of certain signalling pathways that coordinate cell function and survival [ 111 ].…”

Gene and Cell Therapy in Dental Tissue Regeneration

“…In addition, these cells possess immunomodulating functions. Their properties make these cells potentially applicable in clinical practice for the treatment of periodontal and other conditions, even neurodegenerative ones, such as Parkinson's disease [90].…”

Mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles prevent the development of osteoarthritis via the circHIPK3/miR-124-3p/MYH9 axis

“…Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), a group of multi-potential stem cells exhibit self-renewal and tissue differentiation ability, are capable of differentiating into endodermal, mesodermal, ectodermal, and other cell populations in vivo and in vitro [ 9 , 10 ]. In addition to bone marrow, MSCs are also derived from fat, umbilical cord blood, peripheral blood, placenta, skin, amniotic fluid, synovial membrane, teeth root, and other tissues [ 11 , 12 ]. MSCs are easy to culture and proliferate in vitro, have strong properties of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory, and play a vital role in the repair and regeneration of various tissues [ 13 , 14 ].…”