The Power of Stress: The Telo-Hormesis Hypothesis

Burbano, Maria Sol Jacome; Gilson, Eric

doi:10.3390/cells10051156

Cited by 31 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 182 publications

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“…These results raise the question of whether variations in TL underlie an adaptive strategy to different environments as it was previously proposed in various organisms (Casagrande & Hau, 2019; Jacome Burbano & Gilson, 2021; Young, 2018). On one hand, a wild habitat imposes yeasts to cope with fluctuating environments and short telomeres could help survival through the transcriptional regulation of subtelomeric regions, which are enriched in stress response, nutrient utilization and cell wall composition genes (Ai et al, 2002; Robyr et al, 2002; Smith et al, 2011; Stone & Pillus, 1996; Wyrick et al, 1999; Ye et al, 2014).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Telomeres are shorter in wild Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolates than in domesticated ones

D'Angiolo

Chiara

Barré

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Telomeres are ribonucleoproteins that cap chromosome-ends and their DNA length is controlled by counteracting elongation and shortening processes. The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been a leading model to study telomere DNA length control and dynamics. Its telomeric DNA is maintained at a length that slightly varies between laboratory strains, but little is known about its variation at the species level. The recent publication of the genomes of over 1000 S. cerevisiae strains enabled us to explore telomere DNA length variation at an unprecedented scale. Here, we developed a bioinformatic pipeline (YeaISTY) to estimate telomere DNA length from whole-genome-sequences and applied it to the sequenced 1011 S. cerevisiae collection. Our results revealed broad natural telomere DNA length variation among the isolates. Notably, telomere DNA length is shorter in those derived from wild rather than domesticated environments. Wild isolates are enriched in loss-of-function mutations in genes known to regulate telomere DNA length and the return of domesticated yeasts to a wild habitat coincides with shorter telomeres. Moreover, telomere DNA length variation is associated with mitochondrial metabolism, and this association is driven by wild strains. Overall, these findings suggest that budding yeasts' telomere DNA length regulation might be shaped by ecological life-styles.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Telomeres are shorter in wild Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolates than in domesticated ones

D'Angiolo

Chiara

Barré

et al. 2022

Preprint

Self Cite

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“…Coupled with high mitotic activity, this would ensure the maintenance of TLs across the tissue, even if the process did not involve every chromosome after each replication cycle. Considering the susceptibility of 5hmC patterns to environmental stimuli [ 52 ], the detected relationship between interchromatid TL asymmetry and chromosome hydroxymethylation patterns may also suggest a possible pathway to telomere regulation by external factors including adaptive response to stress [ 53 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Telomere Length in Chromosomally Normal and Abnormal Miscarriages and Ongoing Pregnancies and Its Association with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine Patterns

Krapivin

Tikhonov

Efimova

et al. 2021

IJMS

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The present study investigates telomere length (TL) in dividing chorionic cytotrophoblast cells from karyotypically normal and abnormal first trimester miscarriages and ongoing pregnancies. Using Q-FISH, we measured relative TLs in the metaphase chromosomes of 61 chorionic villous samples. Relative TLs did not differ between karyotypically normal samples from miscarriages and those from ongoing pregnancies (p = 0.3739). However, among the karyotypically abnormal samples, relative TLs were significantly higher in ongoing pregnancies than in miscarriages (p < 0.0001). Relative TLs were also significantly higher in chorion samples from karyotypically abnormal ongoing pregnancies than in those from karyotypically normal ones (p = 0.0018) in contrast to miscarriages, where relative TL values were higher in the karyotypically normal samples (p = 0.002). In the karyotypically abnormal chorionic cytotrophoblast, the TL variance was significantly lower than in any other group (p < 0.05). Assessed by TL ratios between sister chromatids, interchromatid TL asymmetry demonstrated similar patterns across all of the chorion samples (p = 0.22) but significantly exceeded that in PHA-stimulated lymphocytes (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0003). The longer telomere was predominantly present in the hydroxymethylated sister chromatid in chromosomes featuring hemihydroxymethylation (containing 5-hydroxymethylcytosine in only one sister chromatid)—a typical sign of chorionic cytotrophoblast cells. Our results suggest that the phenomena of interchromatid TL asymmetry and its association to 5hmC patterns in chorionic cytotrophoblast, which are potentially linked to telomere lengthening through recombination, are inherent to the development programme. The TL differences in chorionic cytotrophoblast that are associated with karyotype and embryo viability seem to be determined by heredity rather than telomere elongation mechanisms. The inheritance of long telomeres by a karyotypically abnormal embryo promotes his development, whereas TL in karyotypically normal first-trimester embryos does not seem to have a considerable impact on developmental capacity.

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“…Moreover, the adaptive significance of changes in TL might depend on the trade-off between different components of fitness (e.g. reproduction versus longevity [15,19]), or even hormetic signalling [20]. A complete understanding of telomere dynamics and potential implications for fitness remains unclear.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Telomere length declines with age, but relates to immune function independent of age in a wild passerine

et al. 2022

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Telomere length (TL) shortens with age but telomere dynamics can relate to fitness components independent of age. Immune function often relates to such fitness components and can also interact with telomeres. Studying the link between TL and immune function may therefore help us understand telomere–fitness associations. We assessed the relationships between erythrocyte TL and four immune indices (haptoglobin, natural antibodies (NAbs), complement activity (CA) and heterophil-lymphocyte (HL) ratio; n = 477–589), from known-aged individuals of a wild passerine ( Malurus coronatus ). As expected, we find that TL significantly declined with age. To verify whether associations between TL and immune function were independent of parallel age-related changes (e.g. immunosenescence), we statistically controlled for sampling age and used within-subject centring of TL to separate relationships within or between individuals. We found that TL positively predicted CA at the between-individual level (individuals with longer average TL had higher CA), but no other immune indices. By contrast, age predicted the levels of NAbs and HL ratio, allowing inference that respective associations between TL and age with immune indices are independent. Any links existing between TL and fitness are therefore unlikely to be strongly mediated by innate immune function, while TL and immune indices appear independent expressions of individual heterogeneity.

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The Power of Stress: The Telo-Hormesis Hypothesis

Cited by 31 publications

References 182 publications

Telomeres are shorter in wild Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolates than in domesticated ones

Telomeres are shorter in wild Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolates than in domesticated ones

Telomere Length in Chromosomally Normal and Abnormal Miscarriages and Ongoing Pregnancies and Its Association with 5-hydroxymethylcytosine Patterns

Telomere length declines with age, but relates to immune function independent of age in a wild passerine

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