The Power-to-Gas Concept

Lehner, Markus; Tichler, Robert; Steinmüller, Horst; Koppe, Markus

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-03995-4_2

Cited by 26 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…The minimum selling price of biomethane is defined as the biomethane price that makes the project net present value (NPV) equal to zero at a given internal rate of return (IRR), according to Eq. (8).…”

Section: Minimum Selling Price Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In these systems, water electrolysis, powered by surplus renewable electricity, is used to produce hydrogen, which reacts with carbon dioxide to synthesize grid-quality bSNG [5], either via catalytic [6] or via biological conversion processes [7]. PtG processes offer several opportunities for future energy systems, enabling energy storage and grid stabilization while producing renewable methane [8]. Biomass gasification can thus be integrated with methanation and water electrolysis in PtG systems, with the potential to address fuel-type diversification and storage needs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Techno-economic modeling of an integrated biomethane-biomethanol production process via biomass gasification, electrolysis, biomethanation, and catalytic methanol synthesis

Patuzzi

Baratieri

2020

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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Biological methanation (biomethanation) of syngas obtained from biomass gasification offers the opportunity to employ a low-pressure, low-temperature process to produce storable bio-derived substitute natural gas (bSNG), although its economic viability is limited by high energy and biomass costs. Research on syngas biomethanation techno-economic performance is limited and novel biomass-to-biomethane process configurations are required in order to assess opportunities for the enhancement of its efficiency and economic feasibility. In this study, we carried out the techno-economic modeling of two processes comprising integrated biomass gasification, electrolysis, and syngas biomethanation with combined heat and power recovery in order to assess and compare their fuel yields, energy efficiency, carbon efficiency, and bSNG minimum selling price (MSP). The first process operates standalone biomethanation (SAB) of syngas and can produce approximately 38,000 Nm3 of bSNG per day, with a total plant efficiency of 50.6%. The second process (integrated biomethane-biomethanol, IBB) exploits the unconverted carbon stream from the biomethanation process to recover energy and synthesize methanol via direct catalytic CO2 hydrogenation. In addition to the same bSNG output, the IBB process can produce 10 t/day of biomethanol, at a 99% purity. The IBB process shows little global energy efficiency gains in comparison with SAB (51.7%) due to the large increase in electrolytic hydrogen demand, but it shows a substantial improvement in biomass-to-fuel carbon efficiency (33 vs. 26%). The SAB and IBB processes generate a bSNG MSP of 2.38 €/Nm3 and 3.68 €/Nm3, respectively. Hydrogenation of unconverted carbon in biomass-to-biomethane processes comes with high additional capital and operating costs due to the large-scale electrolysis plants required. Consequently, in both processes, the market price gap of the bSNG produced is 0.13 €/kWhbSNG (SAB) and 0.25 €/kWhbSNG (IBB) even under the most optimistic cost scenarios considered, and it is primarily influenced by the cost of surplus electricity utilized in electrolysis, while the selling price of biomethanol exerts a very limited influence on process economics. Intensive subsidization would be required in order to sustain the decentralized production of bSNG through both processes. Despite their limited economic competitiveness, both processes have a size comparable with existing renewable gas production plants in terms of bSNG production capacity and the IBB process is of a size adequate for the supply of biomethanol to a decentralized biorenewable supply chain.

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Section: Minimum Selling Price Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-economic modeling of an integrated biomethane-biomethanol production process via biomass gasification, electrolysis, biomethanation, and catalytic methanol synthesis

Patuzzi

Baratieri

2020

Biomass Conv. Bioref.

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“…In general, power-to-gas and power-to-X are considered as likely and necessary technologies for bridging the fluctuations occurring in a renewable-dominated energy scenario [30]. However, power-to-gas-toelectricity systems currently operate at efficiencies of around or below 40% [49]. Whereas the so-called ''windgas'' has moved beyond demonstration stage, the type and scale of storage used in renewable-dominated scenarios are far from mature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life-cycle impacts of pumped hydropower storage and battery storage

Immendoerfer

Tietze

Hottenroth

et al. 2017

Int J Energy Environ Eng

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Energy storage is currently a key focus of the energy debate. In Germany, in particular, the increasing share of power generation from intermittent renewables within the grid requires solutions for dealing with surpluses and shortfalls at various temporal scales. Covering these requirements with the traditional centralised power plants and imports and exports will become increasingly difficult as the share of intermittent generators rises across Europe. Pumped hydropower storage plants have traditionally played a role in providing balancing and ancillary services, and continue to do so. However, the construction of new plants often requires substantial interventions into virgin landscape and bio-habitats; this is often fiercely opposed by local citizens. Utility-scale lithium ion batteries have recently entered the energy scene. Albeit much smaller than most pumped hydropower plants, they can also provide the required balancing and ancillary services. They can be constructed on brownfield sites as and where needed, to support the move towards increasingly decentralised energy systems. Although they are seen by some as a more environmentally friendly option, they do cause impacts relating to the consumption of limited natural resources during the production stage. Addressing initially technological capacity of pumped hydropower storage and utility-scale battery to meet the required services, a simplified LCA will be performed to examine the environmental impacts throughout their life cycles. This includes two sensitivity analyses. Issues addressed in this paper include also methodological issues relating to comparability and those parameters that are pivotal to the LCA result.

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“…The technology is divided into two categories: electric hydrogen gas and electric methane. The latter methane can be directly injected into natural gas pipelines, improving the interconnection of power and natural gas systems [14,15]. As a method of energy conversion, P2G can absorb the surplus output of new energy power generation, improve the permeability of distributed power generation, and provide frequency modulation and peak modulation and other services for the power grid [16].…”

Section: Figure 1: Comprehensive Energy Dividementioning

confidence: 99%

A Fault Risk Warning Method of Integrated Energy Systems Based on RelieF-Softmax Algorithm

Lin¹,

Gong²,

Shi³

et al. 2022

Computer Modeling in Engineering &Amp; Sciences

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The integrated energy systems, usually including electric energy, natural gas and thermal energy, play a pivotal role in the energy Internet project, which could improve the accommodation of renewable energy through multienergy complementary ways. Focusing on the regional integrated energy system composed of electrical microgrid and natural gas network, a fault risk warning method based on the improved RelieF-softmax method is proposed in this paper. The raw data-set was first clustered by the K-maxmin method to improve the preference of the random sampling process in the RelieF algorithm, and thereby achieved a hierarchical and non-repeated sampling. Then, the improved RelieF algorithm is used to identify the feature vectors, calculate the feature weights, and select the preferred feature subset according to the initially set threshold. In addition, a correlation coefficient method is applied to reduce the feature subset, and further eliminate the redundant feature vectors to obtain the optimal feature subset. Finally, the softmax classifier is used to obtain the early warnings of the integrated energy system. Case studies are conducted on an integrated energy system in the south of China to demonstrate the accuracy of fault risk warning method proposed in this paper.

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The Power-to-Gas Concept

Cited by 26 publications

References 4 publications

Techno-economic modeling of an integrated biomethane-biomethanol production process via biomass gasification, electrolysis, biomethanation, and catalytic methanol synthesis

Techno-economic modeling of an integrated biomethane-biomethanol production process via biomass gasification, electrolysis, biomethanation, and catalytic methanol synthesis

Life-cycle impacts of pumped hydropower storage and battery storage

A Fault Risk Warning Method of Integrated Energy Systems Based on RelieF-Softmax Algorithm

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