The powers of John Barleycorn: Beliefs about the effects of alcohol on social behavior.

Critchlow, Barbara

doi:10.1037/0003-066x.41.7.751

Cited by 202 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…These beliefs are learned through either social interaction or direct experience [Chermack and Giancola, 1997;MacAndrew and Edgerton, 1969]. Acting as cognitive templates for drinking behaviors, alcohol expectancies predict increased alcohol consumption [Critchlow, 1986;Jones et al, 2001]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol‐aggression expectancies and dispositional rumination moderate the effect of alcohol consumption on alcohol‐related aggression and hostility

Borders

Barnwell

Earleywine

2007

Aggressive Behavior

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Alcohol consumption increases aggression, but only in some drinkers. This study extends previous work to show how expectancies for alcohol-induced aggression and dispositional rumination moderate the link between alcohol consumption and alcohol-related aggression and hostility in a sample of 285 men and women. Alcohol-aggression expectancies and quantity of alcohol interacted to predict alcohol-related hostility and aggression. Trait rumination moderated the effect of alcohol consumption on aggressive acts. Finally, women who ruminated were more likely to report alcohol-related aggression than were men who ruminated. These results suggest that alcohol expectancies for aggression and rumination constitute two important cognitive facilitators of alcohol-related aggression and hostility, and that gender plays an important role in these relations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol‐aggression expectancies and dispositional rumination moderate the effect of alcohol consumption on alcohol‐related aggression and hostility

Borders

Barnwell

Earleywine

2007

Aggressive Behavior

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“…Items from the AEQ range from generalized statements about the effects of alcohol to more specific personal statements when research has shown more predictive power in specific statements (e.g. Critchlow, 1986;Oei, Hokin, & Young, 1990). The range of endorsement tendencies is restricted because responses on the AEQ are dichotomous.…”

Section: Measures Of Alcohol Expectanciesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using the Drinking Expectancy Questionnaire (revised scoring method) in clinical practice

Dingle

2012

Addictive Behaviors

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The Drinking Expectancy Questionnaire (Young & Knight, 1989;Young & Oei, 1996) has been widely used in clinical and research settings over the past 20 years. A revised scoring method with a five-factor structure has been proposed but no normative data for this method is available (Lee, Oei, Greeley, & Baglioni, 2003). The aim of this study is to establish norms for the five expectancy subscales (Social Confidence; Sexual Interest; Cognitive Enhancement; Tension Reduction; and Negative Consequences) in a sample of adults entering hospital treatment for alcohol dependence (N=163) and a sample of university undergraduate students (N= 110). Clinical sample means on the expectancy subscales tended to be substantially higher than the means for the student sample, with the exception of Sexual Interest (which was higher in the students). Interestingly, the Negative Consequences subscale mean was more than two standard deviations higher in the clinical sample, and was strongly correlated with measures of depression, anxiety and stress. The Negative Consequences scores were strongly associated with drinking risk in the student sample but were not related to drinking measures in the clinical sample. A ROC analysis established a cut-off on the DEQ total of 107 that distinguished dependent drinkers from student drinkers with high sensitivity and specificity. The clinical utility of the DEQ in general will be discussed.

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“…Thus, by believing that alcohol and drugs make people act badly, we give them a great deal of power. Their use can become a tool that legitimates and excuses certain behaviors without destroying the moral character of either the individual or the society (see Critchlow, 1986;Room, 1980). Second, especially at this stage of the epidemic, many individuals have learned to have safe sex consistently, regardless of their state of inebriation.…”

Section: Issues Of Interpretation and Preventionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Substance use and risky sexual behavior for exposure to HIV: Issues in methodology, interpretation, and prevention.

Leigh¹,

Stall²

1993

American Psychologist

601

432

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Recent reports have suggested that the use of alcohol or drugs is related to sexual behavior that is high-risk for HIV infection. If substance use leads to unsafe sexual activity, understanding the dynamics of this relationship can contribute to research, preventive and education efforts to contain the spread of AIDS. In this paper, we review research on the relationship between substance use and high-risk sexual behavior. We then consider the inherent limitations of the research designs used to study this relationship, outline some methodological concerns including measurement and sampling issues, and comment on causal interpretations of correlational research findings. We end with a consideration of potential avenues for avenues for future research and a discussion of implications of these findings for current AIDS prevention policies.As the United States enters the second decade of the AIDS epidemic, it has become evident that the primary defense against the spread of this disease is prevention of the behaviors that result in HIV transmission. Recent behavioral research has focused on identification of potentially modifiable variables that may contribute to risk-taking behaviors. One factor that has been proposed as a contributor to sexual risk-taking is the use of alcohol or other drugs with sex (see Leigh, 1990a;Stall, 1988). Because alcohol and drugs are thought to interfere with judgment and decision-making, it has been suggested that their use in conjunction with sexual activity might increase the probability that risky behaviors will occur (e.g., Howard et al., 1988; USDHHS, 1991). In the last few years, a number of reports have appeared suggesting a link between alcohol or drug use and sexual behavior, such as unprotected intercourse, that is known to place an individual at higher risk for HIV infection.In this paper we examine the evidence for and against the hypothesis that a causal relationship exists between alcohol and/or drug use and high-risk sexual behavior for HIV transmission. First, we review research that examines the link between substance use and high-risk behavior, while discussing the limitations of the research designs used to investigate this link. We then consider additional methodological concerns, including measurement and sampling issues, that affect interpretation of research findings. We end with a discussion of implications of these findings for AIDS prevention policies.

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The powers of John Barleycorn: Beliefs about the effects of alcohol on social behavior.

Cited by 202 publications

References 40 publications

Alcohol‐aggression expectancies and dispositional rumination moderate the effect of alcohol consumption on alcohol‐related aggression and hostility

Alcohol‐aggression expectancies and dispositional rumination moderate the effect of alcohol consumption on alcohol‐related aggression and hostility

Using the Drinking Expectancy Questionnaire (revised scoring method) in clinical practice

Substance use and risky sexual behavior for exposure to HIV: Issues in methodology, interpretation, and prevention.

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