The practical application of hot water to reduce the introduction and spread of aquatic invasive alien species

Shannon, Caitriona; Quinn, Claire H.; Stebbing, PD; Hassall, Christopher; Dunn, Alison M.

doi:10.3391/mbi.2018.9.4.05

Cited by 20 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 7 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, this method only induced 90% mortality for specimens of C. helmsii, while our application of direct steam exposure rapidly induced 100% mortality at 10 s exposure. Shorter submergence times in higher water temperatures (C 50°C) can also result in substantial, if not complete AIS mortality (Shannon et al 2018). While hot water at 45°C represents a safe and simple decontamination method, application of steam should present no greater risk than the use of high-pressure washers if appropriate care is taken with users being risk aware.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although various invader population suppression techniques have been studied (Beric and MacIsaac 2015), there often exists only a limited understanding of the relative efficacies of proposed spread-prevention procedures (Barbour et al 2013;Anderson et al 2015;Piria et al 2017;Coughlan et al 2018a, b, c). In addition, while some methods such as hot water (C 45°C) submersion appear to be both highly successful and environmentally-friendly (Anderson et al 2015;Shannon et al 2018), it will likely be difficult and expensive to maintain water at a high enough temperature for prolonged periods of time, especially in the field (Sebire et al 2018). Moreover, hot water submersion will be problematic for larger equipment items, such as kayaks, canoes, boats, vehicles and trailers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Full steam ahead: direct steam exposure to inhibit spread of invasive aquatic macrophytes

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biosecurity protocols designed to prevent invader spread have become integral to invasive species management strategies. However, application of many proposed spread-prevention practices is inhibited due to low practicality, high expense, undesirable non-target effects and a lack of known efficacy. Here, we examine the use of direct steam exposure to induce substantial fragment (i.e. propagule stage) degradation of seven invasive macrophytes: Ceratophyllum demersum, Crassula helmsii, Egeria densa, Elodea canadensis, Elodea nuttallii, Lagarosiphon major and Potamogeton crispus. Each species was independently exposed to steam treatments in loose clumps of three fragments, steamed at a distance of 2-3 cm from the source, for varied exposure times: 10 s, 30 s, 1 min, 2 min, and 5 min. Furthermore, we develop and apply a novel degradation scale describing visual tissue biodegradation stages and/or resumption of growth for fragmentary propagules. Steam treatments were observed to be highly efficacious, with total degradation being induced by 10 s of direct steam exposure. This was apparent for all species following a seven day recovery period, except C. demersum, which took until 21 days. Conversely, control specimens displayed excellent survival and/or viability (i.e. resumption of growth). Therefore, we argue that this innovative, yet simple technique can be used to improve biosecurity practices to inhibit the spread of invasive macrophytes.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Full steam ahead: direct steam exposure to inhibit spread of invasive aquatic macrophytes

et al. 2018

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Accordingly, biosecurity measures designed to decontaminate vectors are needed (Caffrey et al 2014). Although a variety of biosecurity protocols designed to prevent the introduction and secondary spread of IAS have been developed and tested, such as immersion in hot water (Anderson et al 2015;Shannon et al 2018), aquatic disinfectants (Cuthbert et al 2018;Bradbeer et al 2020), desiccation exposure (Anderson et al 2015;Coughlan et al 2018a), and hot water spray (Comeau et al 2011), the species-specific and contextdependent relative efficacies of many spread-prevention practices are often unclear or unknown (Anderson et al 2015;Coughlan et al 2019a;Bradbeer et al 2020). As a result, there remains an urgent need to confirm the effectiveness of these treatments for additional IAS, to inform application guidelines to better minimise the risk of further IAS spread (Shannon et al 2018;Crane et al 2019;2020b;Coughlan et al 2019a).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…sudden exposure to extreme hot or cold temperatures) have also been proposed as a mechanism to enable improved decontamination of equipment for the reduction of IAS spread (e.g. Stebbing and Rimmer 2014;Shannon et al 2018), as well as facilitating the on-going suppression of established populations (Coughlan et al 2018b;2019b). For example, applications of steam have been found to kill a number of invasive macrophyte (Crane et al 2019) and invertebrate species (Bradbeer et al 2020;Joyce et al 2019;Cuthbert et al 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Better off dead: assessment of aquatic disinfectants and thermal shock treatments to prevent the spread of invasive freshwater bivalves

Coughlan

Bradbeer

Cuthbert

et al. 2020

Wetlands Ecol Manage

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Biosecurity protocols designed to prevent further spread of invasive alien species have become a key component of invader management strategies. Yet, the species-specific efficacy of many biosecurity treatments are frequently unclear or unknown. Invasive quagga, Dreissena bugensis, and zebra mussels, D. polymorpha, are a serious threat to freshwater ecosystems worldwide. Here, we examine the effectiveness of immersion (B 90 min) within 2% or 4% solutions for two commonly used disinfectants (Vira-sureÒ Aquatic and VirkonÒ Aquatic) to cause mortality of adult Dreissena bivalves. Further, we assessed the effectiveness of thermal treatments: steam spray (C 100°C; B 120 s); hot air (-500°C; B 60 s); and dry ice exposure (-78°C; B 300 g; 15 min). Complete mortality of D. polymorpha was observed following exposure to both disinfectants for 90 min, at both concentrations. However, high but incomplete mortality (40-90%) was recorded for D. bugensis across disinfectant treatments. For both species, complete mortality was achieved following 30 s of steam. In addition, 10 s of hot air and 15 min

show abstract

“…Shannon, Quinn, Stebbing, Hassall, and Dunn () described a method of cleaning equipment and footwear, using hot water, as an additional step in improving biosecurity between sites. They found that while it is an effective measure, the required temperatures of greater than 50°C for a period of 15 min would limit uptake in field situations, leaving it only viable as a laboratory‐based protocol.…”

Section: Conservationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological Flora of the British Isles: Crassula helmsii

Smith

Buckley

2020

Journal of Ecology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This account presents information on all aspects of the biology of Crassula helmsii (Kirk) Cockayne (New Zealand Pygmyweed, Australian Swamp Stonecrop) that are relevant to understanding its ecological characteristics and behaviour. The main topics are presented within the standard framework of the Biological Flora of the British Isles: distribution, habitat, communities, responses to biotic factors, responses to environment, structure and physiology, phenology, floral and seed characters, herbivores and disease, history, and conservation. Crassula helmsii is an invasive aquatic macrophyte originating from Australia and New Zealand. The first naturalized population was recorded in Britain in 1956. All British specimens appear to represent a single lineage. DNA analysis indicates that British specimens originate from Australia. Crassula helmsii is capable of growing in a wide range of lentic freshwater and riparian habitats. It may grow as free floating, submerged, emergent or terrestrial forms. Morphology can differ markedly on the same stem. Flowers are produced, but with no known pollinators outside of its native range. Reproduction is thought to be predominantly by asexual methods outside Australia and New Zealand, through stem fragmentation and dispersal. Seed germination outside the native range appears to be very rare and poorly understood. Crassula helmsii has been and still is controlled by active management because of fears that its capacity to produce monocultures will lead to loss of biodiversity in the plant communities it invades. Evidence for species losses due to colonization by C. helmsii is rather anecdotal, although suppression of native biomass through competition has been reported. No consistently effective control procedures have been identified.

show abstract

The practical application of hot water to reduce the introduction and spread of aquatic invasive alien species

Cited by 20 publications

References 7 publications

Full steam ahead: direct steam exposure to inhibit spread of invasive aquatic macrophytes

Full steam ahead: direct steam exposure to inhibit spread of invasive aquatic macrophytes

Better off dead: assessment of aquatic disinfectants and thermal shock treatments to prevent the spread of invasive freshwater bivalves

Biological Flora of the British Isles: Crassula helmsii

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About