The practice and efficacy of breast self-examination: a critical review.

Holtzman, D; Celentano, David D.

doi:10.2105/ajph.73.11.1324

Cited by 25 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Susceptibility and seriousness, although significant, were only marginally correlated with intent to practice breast Self-examination. Susceptibility and seriousness had been statistically significant in only a few of the past studies (Kelly, 1978;Massey, 1986). The current study was unique in that participants answered questions about susceptibility and seriousness with the assumption that no breast self examination had occurred.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

“…According to the model, the practice of breast selfexamination should be increased when the individual believes she is susceptible to breast cancer and when breast cancer poses a serious threat. Stillman (1977) and Kelly (1978) tested susceptibility, but lack of variance on the variable of susceptibility limited statistical analyses. Hallal (1982) found that susceptibility was significantly correlated with frequency of breast self-examination.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The concepts of benefits and barriers were examined in other studies and consistently were found to be correlated with breast selfexamination. Kelly (1978) found that women who tended to be practitioners of breast selfexamination perceived benefits in detecting lumps through breast self-examination. Hallal (1982) and Champion (1985) found that the perception of benefits was significantly related to frequency of breast self-examination, although correlations were low (r = .29; r = .18).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…An additional problem identified by Sheley (1983). Holtzman and Celentano (1983). and Mamon and Japka (1985) was the lack of thoroughness in measuring breast self-examination in previous research.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Attitudinal variables related to intention, frequency and proficiency of breast self‐examination in women 35 and over

Champion

1988

Research in Nursing & Health

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A correlational study was conducted to identify attitudinal variables specified by the Health Belief Model that were related to intent, frequency, and proficiency of breast self-examination. The probability sample consisted of 380 women age 35 and over who were contacted via random digit dialing. Data were collected during in-home interviews. Results supported the combined ability of susceptibility, seriousness, barriers, health motivation, and control to predict intent to practice breast self-examination (R = .61, p. less than or equal to .001). In addition, frequency and total proficiency for breast self-examination were predicted by health motivations, susceptibility, and barriers using discriminant analysis. Results lend support to use of the Health Belief Model variables in predicting women's intention and actual behavior of breast self-examination.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Attitudinal variables related to intention, frequency and proficiency of breast self‐examination in women 35 and over

Champion

1988

Research in Nursing & Health

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“…Follow-ups revealed a decline in BSE frequency despite the provision of biweekly prompts via personal contact and mailed reminders to do a BSE. 31 Programs that have provided media reminders, cues, and consequences over longer periods appear to have been more successful in maintenance of BSE regularity. 41 Issues relevant to promoting regular BSEs will be addressed in subsequent sections of this article.…”

Section: Frequency Of Bsementioning

confidence: 99%

Training Breast Self-Examination: A Research Review and Critique

Pinto

Fuqua²

1991

Health Education Quarterly

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Despite an increase in knowledge about breast cancer, a relatively low percentage of women practice breast self-examination (BSE) regularly and competently. This article reviews the BSE literature with a focus on training of BSE components, discrimination training, and the effectiveness of training procedures. Methodological issues such as the absence of control groups, lack of criteria for termination of training and reliance on self-reports of BSE frequency are identified weaknesses of BSE training studies. A theoretical analysis of BSE highlights potential difficulties in maintaining regular practice of BSE. Recommendations regarding training of proficient BSE skills and promoting regular practice of BSE are offered, and suggestions for further refinement of BSE training and directions for future research are discussed. Promising avenues of research in BSE training technology include discrimination training (on real or simulated breast tissue) together with computerized assessment of skill proficiency.

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Changes in breast self-examination behavior in a cohort of 8214 women in the Canadian national breast screening study

Baines

Wall

Risch

et al. 1986

Cancer

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A study cohort of 8214 women was formed from all participants in the Canadian National Breast Screening Study who attended their first three screens after the introduction of a structured evaluation protocol involving eight criteria for breast self-examination (BSE). Self-reported BSE frequency was collected by questionnaire at all three screens. Breast self-examination instruction preceded breast exam at each screen but BSE evaluation occurred only at the second and third screen. Reported monthly BSE frequency increased from 18% to 51% to 55% on first, second, and third screens, respectively. The proportion claiming to do no BSE fell correspondingly: 52%, 16%, and 11%. Compliance with each of the seven other BSE criteria was significantly greater at the third screen than at the second. The mean number of these criteria performed at screen 3 was 5.1 compared with 4.4 at screen 2; older women performed as well as younger. The mean number of criteria performed was associated with BSE frequency at screen 3. The authors conclude that women's BSE behavior can be altered, and that integration of BSE evaluation and instruction into routine medical exams seems feasible and potentially useful.

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The practice and efficacy of breast self-examination: a critical review.

Cited by 25 publications

References 20 publications

Attitudinal variables related to intention, frequency and proficiency of breast self‐examination in women 35 and over

Attitudinal variables related to intention, frequency and proficiency of breast self‐examination in women 35 and over

Training Breast Self-Examination: A Research Review and Critique

Changes in breast self-examination behavior in a cohort of 8214 women in the Canadian national breast screening study

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